Chronic Kidney Disease

Question 1

What is the prevalence of CKD in the US?

Answer 1

10 %

Question 2

What is the definition of CKD?

Answer 2

Either kidney damage or GFR

Question 3

Do you need to have renal insufficiency to be classified as CKD?

Answer 3

NO! You can have an imaging abnormality and be considered CKD!

Question 4

What is kidney damage defined as?

Answer 4

Pathological abnormality in blood or urine tests or imaging studies.

Question 5

What are the top two chronic conditions that are associated with CKD?

Answer 5

Diabetics (more common in Type II)

HTN

Question 6

Most widely used way to measure GFR?

Answer 6

Measure plasma creatinine

Question 7

What low molecular weight protein that is produced by all nucleated cells is likely going to replace Creatinine as standard for measuring GFR?

Answer 7

Cystatin C

Question 8

As kidney disease progresses, what are you losing?

Answer 8

Functional nephrons

Question 9

What is creatinine normally?

Answer 9

less than 1

Question 10

Is calcium high or low in CKD?

Answer 10

Low

Question 11

Does PTH go up or down in CKD?

Answer 11

Up

Question 12

Do Vitamin D levels go up or down?

Answer 12

Down

Question 13

What are some pre-renal causes of renal dysfunction?

Answer 13

Dehydration

Low BP

Question 14

What are some renal causes of renal dysfunction?

Answer 14

Nephrotoxic drugs (NSAIDs)

Question 15

What are some post renal causes of renal dysfunction?

Answer 15

Urinary tract obstruction

Question 16

What classes of drugs are good at slowing the progression of CKD?

Answer 16

ACEs and ARBs

Question 17

What is the cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism in CKD?

Answer 17

Increased phosphorous (it is normally eliminated by the kidney)

Question 18

How do you treat secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 18

Vitamin D analogs

Question 19

If hyperphosphatemia is persistent, what drug class is used?

Answer 19

Calcimimetics

Question 20

If patient is hyperphosphatemic, what are 2 major dietary restrictions?

Answer 20

Nuts

Dairy

Question 21

Is MDRD or Cockroft-Gault more accurate at estimating GFR?

Answer 21

MDRD (modification of Diet in renal disease)