Toxicololgy

Question 1

What two plant species contain cyanide?

Answer 1

Chokecherry (Prunus sp)
Johnson grass (sorghum)
also vetch and hydrangea

Question 2

What are key findings in cyanide poisoning?

Answer 2

bright red blood, bitter almond smell in rumen, acute death

Question 3

What are the two treatments for cyanide poisoning?

Answer 3

Sodium nitrite and sodium thiosulfate

Question 4

What plant species are nitrate accumulating?

Answer 4

Pigweed (amaranthus), nightshade (solanum), oat hay, sorghum, rye, alfalfa

Question 5

What are the key findings in nitrate accumulating plant toxicity?

Answer 5

dark brown blood - primarily a problem in ruminants

Question 6

What is the treatment for nitrate toxicity in ruminants?

Answer 6

1% methylene blue - reduces methemoglobin

Question 7

What plants are cardiotoxic?

Answer 7

oleander, foxglove, lily of the valley, japenese yew, azalea (rhododendron)

Question 8

What plant causes primary photosensitization?

Answer 8

St. johns wort

Question 9

Which plants cause secondary photosensitization due to liver damage?

Answer 9

rape seed (brassica), blue green algae, groundsel (senecio)