Toxicology (Part 1) Flashcards
poisoning by Shell fish:
A. Produced by eating a Shellfish harboring a neurotoxin in its flesh.
B. Paralysis of respiratory muscles.
C. Manifested by histamine like reaction.
D. Trivalent ABE is treatment of choice.
a. Poisoning by shellfish occurs when a person eats shellfish that contains a neurotoxin in its flesh
Kerosene:
A. is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
B. Rapidly absorbed from the GIT.
C. Cardiac arrhythmia is one of its systemic toxicity.
D. Gastric lavage is with endotrachael intubation.
C
1. it’s aliphatic (or mixture of both aliphatic and aromatic)
2. It’s poorly absobed by GIT.
3. Gastric lavage is not appropriate (due to 2 reasons: risk of aspiration and becose it’s poorly absobed)
Ethanol:
A. 80% is absorbed from the stomach.
B. Metabolised mainly by microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS).
C. The most crucial effect is stimulation of CNS.
D. Can be detected in blood after five minutes.
D. Can be detected in blood after five minutes.
Hemodialysis should be considered for patient with sever:
A. Opioid toxicity.
B. Digitalis toxicity.
C. Methanol toxicity.
D. tricyclic antidepressants toxicity.
C
For a patient who has ingested sustained release medication the appropriate gastrointestinal procedure is:
A. Magnesium sulfate orally.
B. Syrup of ipecaca.
C. Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution orally.
D.Castor oil.
C
Polyethylene glycol electrolyte solution (whole bowel irrigation) is used in case of ingestion of none-absorbable substances or sustained release medication.
Scorpineantivenome:
A. decreases the level of circulating unbound venom.
B. is recommended in grades II, III and IV envenomation.
C. neutralize scorpion toxins already bound to their target receptors
D. The quantity of antivenom to be used is same in all cases.
A
Regarding management of poisoned patients:
A. Initial management depend on the result of screen test.
B. Many poisoned patients require only supportive therapy alone.
C. Identification of the poisonous substance is the first step.
D. antidot therapy is the first step in the management.
b. Many poisoned patients require only supportive therapy alone
Gastric lavage is:
A. effective in the first 4-6 hrs after ingestion.
B. can be done safely in patient with convulsion.
C. can be done safely in corrosive ingestion.
D. can be done safely in comatose patient.
a. Gastric lavage is effective in the first 4-6 hours after ingestion
Criteria of drugs that respond to urinary PH manipulation are:
A. Excreted mainly in kidney.
B. high lipid solubility.
C. high plasma protein binding.
D. large volume of distribution.
a. Drugs that respond to urinary pH manipulation are excreted mainly in the kidney
Dialyzable drugs should has:
A. large volume of distribution.
B. Low molecular weight.
C. High protein binding capacity.
D. high lipid solubility.
b. Dialyzable drugs should have a low molecular weight, which allows them to be effectively removed by dialysis
Regarding methanol poisoning:
A. Administration of ethanol is one of the treatment modalitie.
B. Ethanol enhancce alcohol dehydrogenase.
C. there is central nervous system stimulation.
D. toxic effects are produced due to methanol itself.
a. Administration of ethanol is one of the treatment modalities for methanol poisoning, as it competes with methanol for alcohol dehydrogenase and reduces the formation of toxic byproducts
A patient has taken two bottles of alcohol. After about an hour, he develops confusion, vomiting and blurring of vision. He should be given:
A. Naloxone.
B. Diazepamc.
C. Flumazenil.
D. Fomipazol.
d. The patient who has consumed a large amount of alcohol and presents with confusion, vomiting, and blurring of vision should be given fomepizole, which is an antidote for ethylene glycol and methanol poisoning
Wernicke’s encephalopathy:
A. Can be prevented by administration of thiamine before glucose infusion.
B. Can be prevented by administration of pyrodoxine
before glucose infusion.
C. Most patients fully recover without treatment.
D. Occurs only in acute alcoholics.
a. Wernicke’s encephalopathy can be prevented by the administration of thiamine before glucose infusion
concerning decontamination of the poisoned patient:
A. ipecac syrup can be given after 4 hour of poisoning.
B. gastric lavage is effective in management of acid poisoning.
C. activated charcoal is indicated in patient with paralytic ilius.
D. whole bowel irrigation is a highly effective for body “packers”
D
Gastric Lavage is Absolutely contraindicated in:
A. Comatose patient
B. Organophosphate insecticide toxicity
C. Corrosive Toxicity
D. Paracetamol toxicity
C
