Toxicology, Immunology, Infectious Flashcards
Mild alcohol withdrawal
Restlessness
Anxiousness
Sleeping problems
Agitation
Tremors
Severe Alcohol Withdrawal
Hypotension
Tachycardia
Vomiting
Hallucinations
Delirium Tremens
Withdrawal Seizures
12-48 hours of the last drink
Delirium Tremens
48-72 hours after the last alcohol intake
Cocaine
Local anesthetic
Nervous system stimulant
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Hyperthermia
Dilated pupils
Ventricular dysrhythmias
Benzodiazepines
Altered mentation
Drowsiness
Confusion
Slurred speech
Ataxia
General loss of coordination
No pupillary response
Narcotic
Euphoria
Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Pinpoint pupils
Coma
Seizures
Sodium channel blocker toxicity
Prolonged QRS
Prolonged QT
Hypotension secondary to depressed
Myocardial contractility
Ventricular dysrhythmias
Sodium channel blocker toxicity
Prolonged QRS
Prolonged QT
Hypotension secondary to depressed
Myocardial contractility
Ventricular dysrhythmias
Beta-adrenergic blocker toxicity
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Related symptoms such as lethargy, weakness, shortness of breath, and possible seizures
Hypoglycemia, especially in pediatric patients
Bronchospasm
Potassium channel blocker toxicity
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Certain ventricular dysrhythmias (Torsades)
Prolonged QT interval
Calcium channel blocker toxicity
Decreased pulse rate
Decreased AV nodal conduction
Decreased myocardial contractility
Vasodilation
Nausea and vomiting
Altered mental status
Metabolic acidosis
Organophosphate poisoning
S.L.U.D.G.E.M
Organophosphate Antidote
Atropine 1-2mg IVP q 3-5 min
1-2g IV q 15-30 min
Narcotic Antidote
Narcan .04-2mg IVP as needed for respiratory depression
Benzodiazepines Antidote
Romazicon/Flumazinil
Tylenol Antidote
Mucomyst/acetylcysteine
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
Displaces oxygen from hemoglobin in red blood cells
Headache
Fatigue
Nausea
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Confusion
Cherry red skin
Tricyclic Antidepressant Overdose
Hyperthermia, dilated pupils, dry skin and mucous membranes, reddened skin, and agitation or delirium.
ECG changes.
Prolonged PR interval
Tachycardia
Widening QRS
Terminal R wave greater than 3 mm in aVR
Prolonged QT interval
Altered mental status, delirium, and seizures
Cyanide
Combines with a crucial cellular enzyme (cytochrome oxidase), which blocks utilization of oxygen at the cellular level
Headache
Nausea
Vomiting
Anxiety
Vertigo
Weakness
Dyspnea
Salicylates Overdoe
Vomiting
Diaphoresis
Hyperpnea
Ringing in the ears (tinnitus)
Pulmonary edema
Acid-base disturbances
Anaphylactic Reaction
An allergic response of 2 or more body systems IgE medicated response
Anaphylactiod Reaction
An allergic response of 2 or more body systems
No IgE mediated response
Allergic Reaction
An allergic response involving 1 body system
Pruritus
Severe itching
Urticaria
Hives
Benadryl
First medication for allergic reaction
Epi
First medication for anaphylaxis
Lupus
Multisystem autoimmune disease that affects the entire body
Suspect in women of childbearing age with fever, rash, and joint pain
Scleroderma
Autoimmune connective tissue disease that causes fibrotic changes to the skin, blood vessels, muscles, and internal organs
Heart transplant
Denervation of the vagus nerve.
Signs and symptoms of rejection are subtle and may require a biopsy to confirm.
Liver Transplant
Watch for infection, especially opportunistic infection.
Observe for jaundice and palpate for tenderness over the site.
Kidney Transplant
Fever
Tenderness and swelling over the implanted organ
Hypotension is a common complication.
Lung Transplant
Rejection
Cough
Dyspnea
Fever
Rales
Pancreas Transplant
More complications and a lower survival rate at 1 year than other single-organ transplants
Meningitis
Headache
Fever
Photosensitivity
Nuchal rigidity
Seasonal Influenza
Systemic fever
Shaking chills
Headache
Malaise
Loss of appetite
Respiratory symptoms
Pertussis
Highly contagious.
Thick nasal discharge
Cough that progresses to coughing spasms
Whooping sound with inspiration after coughing spasm
Mumps
Fever
Headache
Muscle aches
Swelling of salivary glands unilaterally or bilaterally
Tuberculosis
Persistent cough for more than 3 weeks plus one or more of the following:
Night sweats
Headache
Fever
Weight loss
Hemoptysis
Varicella Zoster (chickenpox)
Listlessness
Slight fever
Photosensitivity
Vesicular rash
Measles
Fever
Blotchy red rash
White-gray spots on the buccal mucosa
Mononucleosis
Sore throat
Fever
Secretions from the pharynx
Swollen lymph glands
Malaise
Headache
Enlarged liver and spleen
AIDS
Acute febrile illness
Malaise
Swollen lymph glands
Headache
Rash
Opportunistic Infections
Norovirus
Nausea
Forceful vomiting
Watery diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Weakness
Low-grade fever
Shingles
Reactivation of varicella zoster
Painful
Unilateral vesicular rash
SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)
Fever of greater than 100.4°F (38°C)
Headache
Body aches
After 7 days, a dry cough
10 day quarantine if exposed
Hantavirus
Fever
Headaches
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Progressing to Cough with secretions
Shortness of breath
Fluid accumulation within the lungs
