Toxicology

Question 1

Anticholinergics

Answer 1

HR and BP increases
No change in resp
Temperature increases
Pupils dilate
Decreased bowel sounds
Dry

Question 2

Cholinergic

Answer 2

no chnage in HR/BP/Resp/Temp
Pin point pupils
Bowel sounds
Wet?

Question 3

Opioid

Answer 3

decreased HR, Resp
Cold 
Pin point pupils
Increased bowel sounds
?

Question 4

Sympathopimimetic

Answer 4

increases HR, respiratory, temperature
dialted pupils
bowel sounds audible

Question 5

Sedative hypnotic

Answer 5

low HR, low resp, low temperature

Question 6

SUPPORTIVE CARE- FAST HUGS IN BED PLEASE

Answer 6

Fluids
Analgesia
Sedation
Thromboprophylaxis
Head up
Ulcer prophylaxis
Glucose contorl
Skin control
In catheter, NG tube
Temperature
Psychological

Question 7

ANTI DOTES:

1. paracetemol
2. atropine
3. ca2+ blockes
4. iron
5. cyanide
6. benzodiazpines
7. beta blockers
8. ethylene glycol
9. local anaesthetic
10. opioids
11. metHb
12. digoxin
13. seretoinin
14. TCA’s
15. warfarin
16. heparin

Answer 7

1. paracetemol= N-acetyl cystine
2. atropine= organophosphates
3. ca2+ blockers= Caclium chloride
4. iron= desferioxamine
5. cyanide= hydroxocabalamin
6. benzodiazepines= flumenazil
7. beta blockers= glucagon
8. ethylene glycol= fomepizole
9. local anaesthetic= intralipid
10. opioids= naloxene
11. MetHb= methylene blue
12. digoxin= digibind
13. seretonin= cyprohepatidine
14. TCA’s= NaHCO3
15. warfarin= vitamin K
16. heparin= protamine sulphate

Question 8

organophosphate poisoning

Answer 8

pinpoint pupils
drowsy
respiratory depression

Question 9

beta-blocker OD

Answer 9

bradycardia
drowsy
confusion
seizure
hallucination
dilated pupils
coma
bronchospasm

Question 10

cocaine

Answer 10

tachycardia
mydriasis
diaphoresis
hyperthermia
chest pain-MI, arrhythmias, aortic dissection.

Question 11

Paracetamol:

Activated Charcoal

Aspirin

Heroin/Opioids

Benzodiazepines

Tricyclic Antidepressants:

Lithium

Warfarin

Heparin

Answer 11

Paracetamol:
Within 1st hour give

Activated Charcoal
N-acetylcysteine

Aspirin
Haemodialysis

Heroin/Opioids
Naloxone

Benzodiazepines
Flumazenil

Tricyclic Antidepressants:
IV Bicarbonate

Lithium
Dilute with Saline or Haemodialysis

Warfarin
Vitamin K

Heparin
Protamine sulfate

Question 12

Beta Blockers

Methanol

Digoxin

Carbon Monoxide

Cyanide

Lead

Answer 12

Beta Blockers
Atropine- fertiliser inhalation/ drinking by farmers child

Methanol
Fomepizole
Ethanol

Digoxin
Digibind

Carbon Monoxide
High O2 & hyperbaric O2

Cyanide
Hydrocabalamine

Lead
Dimercaprol