Toxicology Flashcards
SPK
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Topical aminoglycosides
Phenothiazines: Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine
Endo/Descemet pigmentation
Pigmentary retinopathy
Decrease tear production (lacrimal system)
Anterior Subcapsular effects
Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine
Amiodarone
Miotics - Pilocarpine
Whorl Keratopathy ( Cornea verticillata)
Chloroquine Hydroxychloroquine Indomethacin Amiodarone Tamoxifen Fabry Disease
Isotretinoin ( Accutane )
Blepharoconjunctivitis Myopic shift Dryness of lids Lid edema SPK Color vision loss Nyctalopia ( night blindness ) Pseudotumor cerebri Abnormal dark adaptation Abnormal ERG o More likely in repetitive doses o Mostly reversible
Oculogyric crisis
Phenothiazine
Cetrizine (Zyrtec)- oral antihistamines 2nd generation
Floppy iris syndrome
Tamsulosin ( Flomax)
Blue sclera
Steroids
Minocycline
Indomethacin
Retinal hemorrhage
Pigmentary changes in retina
Whorl Keratopathy
Nystagmus
Phenytoin ( Dialantin)
Phenobarbital ( Luminal)
Salicylate ( NSAIDs )
Amiodarone
- Anterior subcapsular lens deposits
- Whorl keratopathy,yellow/brown or white powdery corneal epithelial deposits located inferocentrally that appear to swirl outward while sparing the limbus. discontinuation of amiodarone will allow for complete resolution of the deposits.
- NAION
Sulfonamides
Steven Johnson syndrome
Lid Edema
Tetracycline
-Pigmented cysts on the conjunctiva
NAION
- Sildenafil (Viagra)
- Sumatriptan ( Imitrex)
- Amiodarone ( Cordarone)
Tamoxifen
White or yellow crystalline deposits
-whorl keratopathy
Pseudo tumor ceribri
Intracranial hypertension
Tetracyclines
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Oral contraceptive
Drugs containing BAK
Azitromycin
Gancyclovir (zirgan)
Bromfenec (Xibrom)
Digoxin ( Digitalis)
Retrobulbar optic neuritis Decrease IOP B/Y color defect Entoptic phenomena Blurred vision Causes cone dysfunction Peri-central scotomas Defective color vision -Xanthopsia (“yellow vision”)
Decrease IOP
Systemic beta blocker
Digoxin
Alcohol
Cannabinoid
Increase IOP
Atropine Scopolamine Antihistamines Tricyclic antidepressant Antipsychotics beta 2 agonists-short acting Sudafed corticosteroids (after 2-8 weeks of use)
Thimerosal
Trifliridine ( viroptic) -antiherpes
Flubiprofen ( Ocufen)
Oral steroids side effects
Long term use causes Diabetic
CSR
Myopic shift
NSC
Diamox
Topomax
Isoniazid
Combat active tuberculosis
Rarely causes optic neuritis and atrophy
Atropine
Increase blood pressure Mental confusion Increased pulse Dryness of mouth and throat Loss of neuromuscular coordination
NSAID
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Retinal hemorrhage
Blood thinners
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Sildenafil (Viagra)
Subconjunctival hemorrhage
Conjunctival Hyperemia
Prostoglandin analog
Conjunctival Hyperemia
growth of eyelashes
pigmentation of lashes
Anticholinergics drugs
- Anticholinergics
- TCAs
- Antihistamines
- Phenothiazines
Decrease tear production
Mydriasis
Beta-Blockers
Decrease tear production
Decrease tear production
Hormone Therapies ADHD meds Diuretics Accutane Beta-blockers Anticholinergics
Mydriasis
- Anticholinergics
- TCAs
- Antihistamines
- Phenothiazines
- SSRIs
- SNRIs
- Benzodiazepine
- Dopamin agonists
Topiramate (Topamax)
secondary angle-closure glaucoma by causing choroidal swelling
Miosis
Opiates
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors
Diplopia
Antidepressants
anti-anxiety
phenytoin (Dilantin)
Alpha-1 blockers
toxicity on sclera and uvea
Minocycline
Blue sclera Phototoxicity teeth discoloration bone growth depression Gastric irritation blood dyscrasias skin and mucus memb pigmentation depression
Optic neuritis
Ethambutol-retrobulbar Chloramphenicol streptomycin sulfonamides oral contraceptives Isoniazid (unlikely) Mehotrexate (unlikely)
Epinephrine
CME
Macular Edema
Zidovusine (Retrovir)
Fingolimod( Gilenya)
Penicillins
Hypersensitivity reaction
- uticaria
- Anaphylaxis
- Contact dermititis
Aminoglycosides
SPK Delayed corneal epithelization Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity neuromuscular blockade
Cephalosporin
Hypersensitivity reaction
destroy intestinal microflora
alter absorption of vit k
Anterior Uveitis
Rifabutin
Sulfonamides-systemic
Cidofovir
Topamax®
- Uveal effusion and swelling of the ciliary body, potentially causing pupillary block and angle closure.
- Myopic shift