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NBEO Review-AA > Toxicology > Flashcards

Toxicology Flashcards

1
Q

SPK

A

Isotretinoin (Accutane)

Topical aminoglycosides

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2
Q

Phenothiazines: Chlorpromazine, Thioridazine

A

Endo/Descemet pigmentation
Pigmentary retinopathy
Decrease tear production (lacrimal system)

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3
Q

Anterior Subcapsular effects

A

Chlorpromazine
Thioridazine
Amiodarone
Miotics - Pilocarpine

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4
Q

Whorl Keratopathy ( Cornea verticillata)

A 
Chloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine
Indomethacin
Amiodarone
Tamoxifen 
Fabry Disease
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5
Q

Isotretinoin ( Accutane )

A 
Blepharoconjunctivitis
Myopic shift
Dryness of lids
Lid edema 
SPK
Color vision loss
Nyctalopia ( night blindness )
Pseudotumor cerebri
Abnormal dark adaptation
Abnormal ERG
o	More likely in repetitive doses
o	Mostly reversible
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6
Q

Oculogyric crisis

A

Phenothiazine

Cetrizine (Zyrtec)- oral antihistamines 2nd generation

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7
Q

Floppy iris syndrome

A

Tamsulosin ( Flomax)

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8
Q

Blue sclera

A

Steroids

Minocycline

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9
Q

Indomethacin

A

Retinal hemorrhage
Pigmentary changes in retina
Whorl Keratopathy

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10
Q

Nystagmus

A

Phenytoin ( Dialantin)
Phenobarbital ( Luminal)
Salicylate ( NSAIDs )

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11
Q

Amiodarone

A
  • Anterior subcapsular lens deposits
  • Whorl keratopathy,yellow/brown or white powdery corneal epithelial deposits located inferocentrally that appear to swirl outward while sparing the limbus. discontinuation of amiodarone will allow for complete resolution of the deposits.
  • NAION
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12
Q

Sulfonamides

A

Steven Johnson syndrome

Lid Edema

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13
Q

Tetracycline

A

-Pigmented cysts on the conjunctiva

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14
Q

NAION

A
  • Sildenafil (Viagra)
  • Sumatriptan ( Imitrex)
  • Amiodarone ( Cordarone)
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15
Q

Tamoxifen

A

White or yellow crystalline deposits

-whorl keratopathy

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16
Q

Pseudo tumor ceribri

Intracranial hypertension

A

Tetracyclines
Isotretinoin (Accutane)
Oral contraceptive

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17
Q

Drugs containing BAK

A

Azitromycin
Gancyclovir (zirgan)
Bromfenec (Xibrom)

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18
Q

Digoxin ( Digitalis)

A 
Retrobulbar optic neuritis
Decrease IOP
B/Y color defect
Entoptic phenomena 
Blurred vision
Causes cone dysfunction
Peri-central scotomas
Defective color vision
-Xanthopsia (“yellow vision”)
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19
Q

Decrease IOP

A

Systemic beta blocker
Digoxin
Alcohol
Cannabinoid

20
Q

Increase IOP

A 
Atropine
Scopolamine 
Antihistamines
Tricyclic antidepressant
Antipsychotics
beta 2 agonists-short acting
Sudafed
corticosteroids (after 2-8 weeks of use)
21
Q

Thimerosal

A

Trifliridine ( viroptic) -antiherpes

Flubiprofen ( Ocufen)

22
Q

Oral steroids side effects

A

Long term use causes Diabetic

CSR

23
Q

Myopic shift

A

NSC
Diamox
Topomax

24
Q

Isoniazid

A

Combat active tuberculosis

Rarely causes optic neuritis and atrophy

25
Q

Atropine

A 
Increase blood pressure 
Mental confusion 
Increased pulse 
Dryness of mouth and throat
Loss of neuromuscular coordination
26
Q

NSAID

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

Retinal hemorrhage

27
Q

Blood thinners

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

28
Q

Sildenafil (Viagra)

A

Subconjunctival hemorrhage

Conjunctival Hyperemia

29
Q

Prostoglandin analog

A

Conjunctival Hyperemia
growth of eyelashes
pigmentation of lashes

30
Q

Anticholinergics drugs

  • Anticholinergics
  • TCAs
  • Antihistamines
  • Phenothiazines
A

Decrease tear production

Mydriasis

31
Q

Beta-Blockers

A

Decrease tear production

32
Q

Decrease tear production

A 
Hormone Therapies
ADHD meds
Diuretics
Accutane
Beta-blockers
Anticholinergics
33
Q

Mydriasis

A
  • Anticholinergics
  • TCAs
  • Antihistamines
  • Phenothiazines
  • SSRIs
  • SNRIs
  • Benzodiazepine
  • Dopamin agonists
34
Q

Topiramate (Topamax)

A

secondary angle-closure glaucoma by causing choroidal swelling

35
Q

Miosis

A

Opiates

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors

36
Q

Diplopia

A

Antidepressants
anti-anxiety
phenytoin (Dilantin)

37
Q

Alpha-1 blockers

A

toxicity on sclera and uvea

38
Q

Minocycline

A 
Blue sclera
Phototoxicity
teeth discoloration
bone growth depression
Gastric irritation
blood dyscrasias
skin and mucus memb pigmentation
depression
39
Q

Optic neuritis

A 
Ethambutol-retrobulbar
Chloramphenicol
streptomycin
sulfonamides
oral contraceptives
Isoniazid (unlikely)
Mehotrexate (unlikely)
40
Q

Epinephrine

A

CME

41
Q

Macular Edema

A

Zidovusine (Retrovir)

Fingolimod( Gilenya)

42
Q

Penicillins

A

Hypersensitivity reaction

  • uticaria
  • Anaphylaxis
  • Contact dermititis
43
Q

Aminoglycosides

A 
SPK
Delayed corneal epithelization
Nephrotoxicity
Ototoxicity
neuromuscular blockade
44
Q

Cephalosporin

A

Hypersensitivity reaction
destroy intestinal microflora
alter absorption of vit k

45
Q

Anterior Uveitis

A

Rifabutin
Sulfonamides-systemic
Cidofovir

46
Q

Topamax®

A
  • Uveal effusion and swelling of the ciliary body, potentially causing pupillary block and angle closure.
  • Myopic shift

NBEO Review-AA (15 decks)

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