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step 1 pharm > toxicity tx > Flashcards

toxicity tx Flashcards

1
Q

Toxin on front, Tx on back!

A

Tx

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2
Q

AChE inhibitors, Organophosphates

A

Atropine, Pralidoxime

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3
Q

Amphetamines (basic)

A

NH4Cl (ammonium chloride) to acidify urine

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4
Q

Antimuscarinic, Anticholinergic agents

A

Physostigmine, Control Hyperthermia

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5
Q

Arsenic

A

Dimercaprol, Succimer

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6
Q

Benzos

A

Flumazenil

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7
Q

beta-blockers

A

Saline, Atropine, Glucagon

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8
Q

Carbon Monoxide

A

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

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9
Q

Copper

A

Penicillamine, Trientine

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10
Q

Cyanide

A

Nitrite + Thiosulfate, hydroxycobalamin

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11
Q

Digitalis (Digoxin)

A

Anti-dig Fab Fragments

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12
Q

Gold

A

Penicillamine, Dimercaprol (BAL) Succimer

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13
Q

Heparin

A

Protamine sulfate

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14
Q

Iron

A

deFEroxamine, deFErasirox, deFEriprone

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15
Q

Lead

A

EDTA, dimercaprol, Succimer, Penicillamine

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16
Q

Mercury

A

DiMERCaprol, Succimer

17
Q

Methanol, ethylene glycol (antifreeze)

A

Fomepizole, ethanol, dialysis

18
Q

Methemoglobin

A

METHylene blue, Vit C

19
Q

Opioids

A

Naloxone

20
Q

Salicylates

A

NaHCO3 (alkalinizes urine), dialysis

21
Q

TCAs

A

NaHCO3

22
Q

Warfarin

A

Vit K (delayed effect), fresh frozen plasma (immediate)

23
Q

Tetrodotoxin

from Pufferfish

A

Primarily supportive

24
Q

Ciguatoxin

from Reef fish ie Barracuda, Snapper, Moray eel

A

Primarily supportive

25
Q

Histamine (Scombroid poisoning)

from spoiled dark-meat fish ie Tuna, mahi-mahi, mackerel, and bonito

A

Antihistamines.

Albuterol and Epi if needed

26
Q

Tetrodotoxin: action?

A

Highly potent, binds fast voltage-gated Na+ channels in cardiac/nerve tissue, preventing depolarization
(from pufferfish)

27
Q

Tetrodotoxin: symptoms?

A

Nausea, diarrhea, paresthesias, weakness, dizziness, loss of reflexes
(from pufferfish)

28
Q

Ciguatoxin: Action?

source?

A

Opens Na+ channels -> depolarization.

from Reef fish ie Barracuda, Snapper, Moray eel

29
Q

Ciguatoxin Sx?

A

mimic Cholinergic poisoning

30
Q

Toxin from spoiled dark-meat fish ie Tuna, mahi-mahi, mackerel, and bonito has what MOA?

A

Bacterial histidine decarboxylase cnvts histidine to histamine (Scombroid poisoning)

Frequently misdiagnosed as fish allergy

31
Q

Toxin from spoiled dark-meat fish ie Tuna, mahi-mahi, mackerel, and bonito –> Sxs?

A

mimics anaphylaxis: acute burning sensation of mouth, flushed face, erythema, urticaria, itching.
May progress to bronchospasm, angioedema, hypoTN

step 1 pharm (8 decks)

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