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step 1 pharm > Autonomic Overview > Flashcards

Autonomic Overview Flashcards

1
Q 
Parasympathetic characteristics 
(cholinergic)
A

long preganglion, short postganglion

CN III, VII, IX, X; 2nd and 3rd sacral

Muscarinic @ cardia, SM, glands, and nerve terminals

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2
Q

Adrenal medulla and sweat glands

A

part of sympathetic system, but innervated by cholinergic fibers

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3
Q

Sympathetic Characteristics

adrenergic

A

short preganglion, long postganglion

thoracolumbar ganglion

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4
Q

Botulinum toxin

A

prevents rls of ACh at cholinergic terminals

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5
Q

Nicotinic ACh receptors

A

ligand-gated Na/K channels

Nn: autonomic ganglia, adrenal medulla

Nm: NMJ of skeletal muscle

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6
Q

Muscarinic ACh receptors

A

G-protein coupled, 5 subtypes

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7
Q

a1

A

Gq

increases contraction of: vasc SM, pupillary dilator muscle, bladder sphincter muscle

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8
Q

a2

A

Gi

decreases: sympathetic outflow, insulin release, lipolysis, aqueous humor production
increases: platelet aggregation

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9
Q

b1

A

Gs

inc: HR, contractility, renin, lipolysis

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10
Q

b2

A

Gs

inc: vasodilation, bronchodilation, lipolysis, insulin release, aqueous humor production, ciliary muscle relaxation
dec: uterine tone

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11
Q

b3

A

Gs

inc: lipolysis, thermogenesis in Sk M

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12
Q

M1

A

Gq

CNS, enteric nervous system

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13
Q

M2

A

Gi

dec: HR, contractility of atria

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14
Q

M3

A

Gq

inc: exocrine gland secretions, gut peristalsis, bladder contraction, bronchoconstriction, pupillary sphincter muscle contraction (miosis), ciliary muscle contraction (accommodation)

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15
Q

D1

A

Gs

relaxes renal vasc SM

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16
Q

D2

A

Gi

modulates transmitter rls, esp. in brain

17
Q

H1

A

Gq

inc: nasal and bronchial mucus production, vasc permeability, contraction of bronchioles, pruritus, pain

18
Q

H2

A

Gs

gastic acid secretion

19
Q

V1

A

Gq

inc vasc SM contraction

20
Q

V2

A

Gs

inc. H20 perm and reabsorp in collecting tubules of kidney

21
Q

Gq pathway

A

Gq –> Phospholipase C –> PIP2 –> DAG (Protein Kinase C) and IP2 (inc intracellular Ca2+ –> SM contraction)

22
Q

Gs pathway

A

Gs –> adenylyl cyclase –> cAMP –> Protein Kinase A (inc intracellular Ca in heart and inhibits myosin light chain kinase in SM)

23
Q

Gi pathway

A

Gi –X adenyl cyclase

24
Q

QutCies HAVe 1 M&M

A

Gq induces C thru H,A,V-1s, and M1 and M3

25
Q

inhibit MAD 2s

A

Gi induced by M, A, D-2s

26
Q

cholinergic axonic pathway

A

choline enters–> (choline acetyltransferase) Acetyl CoA + choline –> ACh in vesicle–> (Ca2+) ACh released

27
Q

hemicholinium

A

blocks choline from entering axon

28
Q

vesamicol

A

inhibits ACh entering vesicle

29
Q

Botulinum

A

preents ACh rls from axon

30
Q

AChE inhibitors

A

block dissociation from postsynaptic membrane/ ACh dissociation into Choline + Acetate

31
Q

noradrenergic negative feedback

A

release of norepi from sympathetic nerve ending is modulated by norepi itself, acting on presynaptic a2-autoreceptors

32
Q

Amphetamines at noradrenergic terminal

A

use NET to enter presynaptic terminal, where they utilize VMAT to enter neurosecretory vesicles, displacing NE from the vesicles.

Once NE reaches a concentration threshold w/in presynaptic terminal, the action of NET is reversed, and NE is expelled into the synaptic cleft —-> characterisitics and effects of inc NE in pts taking amphetamines

33
Q

Phenylalaline to epinephrine

A

Phenylalanine –> (Phenylalanine Hydroxylase + BH4) Tyrosine –> (Tyrosine Hydroxylase + BH4) L-DOPA –> (DOPA decarboxylase + Vit B6) Dopamine –> (Dopamine B-hydroxylase + Vit C) Norepinephrine –> Epinephrine

34
Q

Metyrosine

A

inhibits tyrosine conversion to DOPA

35
Q

Reserpine

A

prevents Dopamine conversion to NE

36
Q

bretylium, guanethidine

A

inhibits NE rls from synapse

37
Q

amphetamine, ephedrine

A

stimulates NE rls from synapse

38
Q

Cocaine, TCA, amphetamine

A

inhibits NE reuptake to presynaptic terminal

39
Q

Tyramine degradation

A

normally degraded by MAO; (found in wines/cheese)

HTN crisis in people taking MAOI

step 1 pharm (8 decks)

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