toxic substance in the environment (need Studying) Flashcards

1
Q

What are POPs?

A

Persistent
Organic Pollutants.
Organic substances harmful to
organisms and the environment
that persist in the environment for
long periods of time, accumulate in
living organisms through food
chains.

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2
Q

What does EDCs stands for?

A

Endocrine-disrupting chemical;

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3
Q

How EDCs (Endocrine-disrupting chemicals) act?

A

may mimic, block,
or interfere with the body’s hormones

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4
Q

Name 3 health effects endocrine-disrupting chemicals can cause?

A

obesity, diabetes, development problems, Certain cancers (breast, prostate), Neurological and behavioural issues

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5
Q

What are Organochlorinated
pesticides? Give examples of it.

A

Its pesticides, also called as persistent organic pollutants (POPs).
Examples: Dichlorodiphenylethanes (DDT)
chlorinated cyclohexanes

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6
Q

What is acute and chronic toxicity of organochlorinated pesticides?

A

acute: dizziness, nausea, vomiting, sweating
Chronic: acts on liver, kidneys, CNS, suspected human carcinogens

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7
Q

What does DDT mean?

A

Dichloro diphenyl ethanes

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8
Q

What does HCB stand for?

A

Hexa chlor benzene

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9
Q

What are the largest anthropogenic(created by human activity: industrial processes) sources of (Hexa chlor benzene)
HCB?

A

organic synthesis
pesticide application
Steel and iron production

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10
Q

What are the impacts on human health of HCB?

A

Damages CNS, skin, hepatotoxic (toxic to livers) teratogenic (causes developmental abnormalities or birth defects)

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11
Q

What is the toxicity of Polychlorinated dibenzop-dioxins (PCDDs) and
polychlorinated
dibenzofurans (PCDFs) (they are Planar tricyclic aromatic compounds with 1-8 chlorine atoms)

A

Adverse effects on immune and hormonal systems, liver and nervous
system
Some teratogenic and carcinogenic

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12
Q

What does anthropogenic activities means?

A

Industrial processes

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13
Q

What does PCB mean?

A

Polychlorinated
biphenyls

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14
Q

What is the toxicity of PCB?

A

Acute poisoning is not very common, chronic is way more dangerous:
reduced birth weight, Immunotoxic, neurotoxic, Liver Toxicity

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15
Q

BFRs meaning

A

Brominated Flame
Retardants

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16
Q

What are health effects of BFRs?

A

Endocrine and thyroid
disruption
Neurologic function
impacts to the immune system

17
Q

What does PFAS mean?

A

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl
Substances

18
Q

PAHs meaning

A

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

19
Q

What does BPA mean? What its toxicity?

A

Bisphenol A; low birth weight, cardiovascular diseases, immunotoxic effects, neurodevelopment effects

20
Q

What is PPCPs?

A

Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products; any substance used by consumers for personal health or cosmetic purposes

21
Q

What are UV- filters?

A

UV-filters are chemical compounds added to various cosmetics and skincare items, especially sunscreens, to protect the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation.