neurotoxicity and neurotoxic compounds

Question 1

What is the purpose of neurotransmitter?

Answer 1

chemical messenger, that transmits sygnals across synapse (gap between two neurons) to communicate between nerve cells .

Question 2

Name 2 neurotransmitters

Answer 2

Acetylcholine, noradrenaline

Question 3

What can be the effects of neurotoxic actions?

Answer 3

Supression (slowing down the nerve comunication): toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane diethyl ether

Stimulation, excitation: leads to muscle contractions (strychnine,
organophoshates), excessive vigilance (The state of being alerT) (amphetamines,
cathinones, cocaine)

Question 4

Name examples of neurotoxins

Answer 4

Hexane, CS2, acrylamide, tetrodotoxin.

Question 5

What is cholinesterase?

Answer 5

Cholinesterase is an enzyme, which cleaves the neurotransmitters acetylcholine
and thereby stops its effect after the signal was transducted.

Question 6

What are examples of cholinesterase inhibitors?

Answer 6

sarin, VX -the most toxic compounds

Question 7

What are adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine?

Answer 7

neurotransmitters

Question 8

What are amphetamine, methamphetamine?

Answer 8

stimulants

Question 9

What is VTA?

Answer 9

ventral tegmental area, It plays a crucial role in the brain’s reward system and is involved in several important functions, including motivation, pleasure, reward, learning, and addiction.