Toux chronique Flashcards

1
Q

Causes principales de toux chronique

A
  • toux médicamenteuse
  • toux liee au tabac
  • asthme tussif
  • toux sur reflux gastro-oesophagien
  • toux sur hypersensibilite neurogene
  • bronchite a eosinophiles
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2
Q

Causes rares de toux chronique chez l’adulte

A
  • corps etranger
  • tracheo-broncho-malacie
  • broncho-lithiase
  • coqueluche
  • diverticule tracheal
  • atteinte ORL
  • atteinte auto-immune (PID)
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3
Q

Toux chronique de novo

A
  • > 8 semaines
  • pas d’autre cause identifiee
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4
Q

Caractere invalidant de la toux

A
  • emetissante
  • insomniante
  • epuisante
  • fracture costale
  • hernie
  • douleurs
  • ictus larynge
  • incontinence
  • cephalees
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5
Q

Signes de gravite

A
  • hemoptysies
  • modification du caractere
  • dyspnee, dysphagie, dysgueusie
  • fievre
  • fausse route
  • anomalies a l’auscultation cardio-pulmonaire
  • adenopathies cervicales, sus-claviculaires
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6
Q

3 etiologies principales

A
  • asthme
  • infection des VRS
  • RGO
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7
Q

Elements d’orientation diagnostique

A
  • tabagisme
  • medicaments
  • hypersensibilite laryngee
  • causes cardiaques
  • causes ORL
  • causes broncho-pulmonaires
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8
Q

Orientation broncho-pulmonaire

A
  • asthme: spirometrie, FeNO, test de provocation
  • BPCO: spirometrie
  • Bronchectasies: CT scanner
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9
Q

Orientation ORL

A
  • VRS: bilan allergologique ou corticoides nasaux + anti-histaminiques G2
  • carrefour aero-digestif: endoscopie
  • hypersensibilite laryngee: specialiste
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10
Q

Orientation gastro-enterologique

A
  • si ATCD d’oesophagite: IPP +- Baclofen
  • gastroscopie (+- pH-impedancemetrie) si >50 ans, signes de gravites, symptomes severes
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11
Q

Aucune orientation

A

Approche sequentielle:
1. VRS
2. Asthme
3. RGO

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12
Q

Antitussifs opiaces narcotiques d’action centrale

A
  • codeine
  • ethylmorphine
  • pholcodine (en association seulement)

=> inhibition du centre bulbaire de la toux

! risque de depression du centre respiratoire (hypercapnie)

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13
Q

Antitussifs opiaces non-narcotiques

A
  • dextromethorphane
  • noscapine

=> elevent le seuil de stimulation du centre de la toux

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