Totalitarianism

Question 1

Communist totalitarian state

Answer 1

• ruled by the communist party
• command economy
• support for revolutionary ideals
• state or gov control over economy

Question 2

Fascist totalitarian states

Answer 2

• ruled by fascist parties
• controlled economy, but allowances made for a limited capitalism; strength of corporations
• reactionary, anti-communist, extremely nationalistic
• individual roles in economy

Question 3

The February revolution

Answer 3

• Nicholas 2 abandoned throne

- provisional government and soviets struggled for power

Question 4

VI Lenin

Answer 4

• revolutionary Marxist
• recognized importance of a well organized, highly disciplined party for revolution
• as part of war effort, German authorities to Glenn into Russia, 1917
• headed the Bolsheviks, called for seizing power and withdrawal from war

Question 5

The October Revolution

Answer 5

• The Bolsheviks slogan peace, land, and bread
• Lenin persuaded the Bolsheviks to organize an armed uprising
• through a bloodless revolution, the Bolshevik seized power, withdrew from wat

Question 6

Civil war

Answer 6

• tsar Nicholas 2 and his entire family were executed

- the whites were defeated by the red Army in 1920

Question 7

The new economic policy (NEP)

Answer 7

• lenins way to reversed war Communism
• returned small scale industries to private ownership’s (land back to peasants)
• allowed peasants to sell their surplus at free-market
• programs of electrification and technical schools were carried out

Question 8

five year plan

Answer 8

Stalans plan to Hasten industrialization of the USSR

• constructed massive factories in metallurgy mining and electrical power
• it led to massive state planned industrialization at cost of availability of consumer products

Question 9

Collectivization

Answer 9

• taking of private land was first part of 5 year plans
• creation of large, state run farms rather than individual holdings
• it allowed more efficient control over peasants and it lowered food production

Question 10

The great purge

Answer 10

• Stalin purged 2/3 of the Central committee members and more than half of the armies high ranking officers
• by 1939, 8 million people were in labor camps, 3 million died during “cleansing”

Question 11

Holodomor

Answer 11

Ukrainian famine

Question 12

Hitler

Answer 12

• Became chairman of the national Socialist German workers party in 1921
• the Nazi party became the largest in Parliament
• president Hindenburg offered Hitler the chancellorship
• Hitler transformed the dying republic into a single party dictatorship
• Hitler takes the title of fuhrer

Question 13

The Holocaust

Answer 13

• The final solution

- the mass murder and genocide of Jews

Question 14

Appeasement policy

Answer 14

Giving into an aggressor to avoid war

Question 15

Munich conference

Answer 15

1938
Europeans listen to Hitler’s demand for territories
-the appeaser=chamberlain

Question 16

Benito Mussolini

Answer 16

• Founder of fascism and the leader of Italy from 1922 to 1943
• formed the fastest party in 1919 with the support of unemployed war veterans
• organized these followers into arm squads known as the black shirts
• gradually dismantled the institutions of democratic Government and made himself dictator taking the title “ll Duce”
• his declaration of war on Britain and France in June 1940 exposed Italian military weaknesses and was followed by a series of defeats in North and East Africa and the Balkans

Question 17

Fascism

Answer 17

• Political philosophy that became predominate in Italy and Germany
• it attacked weaknesses of democracy and corruption of capitalism it promised
• vigorous foreign and military programs and undertook state control of economy to reduce social friction

Question 18

Stalin

Answer 18

• Successor to London as the head of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic
• Established a series of five-year plans to replace new economic policy

Question 19

Gestapo

Answer 19

Secret police in Nazi Germany known for brutal tactics

Question 20

Spanish Civil War

Answer 20

• War pitting authoritarian and military leaders in Spain against Republicans
• Germany and Italy supported the royalists
• Soviet union support of the Republicans
• led to the victory of royalist forces

Question 21

Guernica

Answer 21

Painting made by Pablo Picasso this painting was Pablo’s protest against the bombing of the village of Guernica in the Spanish civil war

Question 22

Totalitarianism

Answer 22

• total control
• a system of government and ideology in which all social political economic intellectual cultural and spiritual activities are subordinate to the purposes of the rulers of a state
• under a dictator

Question 23

Socialist realism

Answer 23

Attempt within the USSR to relate formal culture to the masses in order to avoid adoption of Western European cultural reforms

Question 24

National Socialist party

Answer 24

• Also known as the Nazi party and was led by Adolf Hitler in Germany
• it picked up political support during the economic chaos of the Great Depression
• it advocated authoritarian state under single leader, aggressive foreign-policy to reverse humiliation of the Versailles treaty
• took power in Germany in 1933

Question 25

Totalitarian state

Answer 25

A new kind of government in the 20th century that exercise massive, direct control over virtually all the activities of the subjects it existed in Germany Italy and the Soviet union