Topologies

Question 1

Topology

Answer 1

The layout pattern of a network. Can be logical or physical. We use the same naming method for both physical and logical topologies

Question 2

Logical Topology

Answer 2

Defines how data flows through a network.

A network can logically be one topology and physically be another topology

Question 3

Physical Topology

Answer 3

Defines how nodes in a network are physical connected. Defines physical connections.

A network can physically be one topology and logically be another topology

Question 4

Bus Topology

Answer 4

One Backbone cable with hosts all along the same cable. Everything that connects to a bus is in the same collision domain

X X
| |
—————————–
| |
X X

Physical Topology: ThickNet, ThinNet

Logical Topology: Ethernet Hub, ThickNet, ThinNet

Question 5

Star Topology

Answer 5

The way the devices are physically connected back to a centralized device.

X X X
\ | /
X - O - X
/ | \
X X X

Physical Topology: Ethernet Switch, Ethernet Hub, Token Ring, FDDI

Logical: Ethernet Switch. Logically the way the traffic flows, if you have a single ethernet switch in the middle you have a star physically and also logically. Changes with multiple Ethernet switches

Question 6

Linear Topology

Answer 6

Physical/Logical Daisy Chain

X–X–X–X–X–X
1 2 3 4 5 6

One device is plugged into another, ex: device three is plugged into device two and device four, but not device 1, 5, or 6

Bad topology, no redundancy, likely could cause a single point of failure if one device in the line goes down, the rest of the devices further down won’t get any information

Question 7

Ring Topology

Answer 7

Lots of redundancy in the ring topology, both physically and logically.

 X - X - X    /              \   X               X    \              /
 X - X - X

Physical Rings: FDDI, SONET

Logical Rings: Token Ring, FDDI, SONET

Question 8

Token Ring

Answer 8

Physically a Start Topology
Logically a Ring Topology

Question 9

FDDI

Answer 9

Fiber Distributed Data Interface

Fits many different types of physical topologies. It can be a physical Ring and a logical ring.

It can also be a logical ring and a physical start

Physical Topologies: Tree, Ring, Star

Logical Topologies: Star

Question 10

Tree Topology

Answer 10

“Fat Tree” is a data center architecture and Fat Tree architecture is a tree and leaf architecture

          X
       /     \
    X         X
  /    \    /    \
X     X  X      X

Physical Topology only: FDDI

Question 11

Fully Connected Mesh Topology

Answer 11

Fully Connected Topology, so all nodes are connected to each other
X
/ | \
X——X
\ | /
X

Physical: CAN Switching, Spine Leaf,
Wireless Mesh

Logical: MPLS Mesh, VPN Mesh

If you remove one connection in the fully connected Mesh then it becomes a partially connected Mesh

Question 12

Partially Connected Mesh Topology

Answer 12

Multiple nodes, some connected to others but not all of them

            X                   
         /  |  \             
        X------X-------X
         \  |  /
            X

Physical: CAN Switching, Spine Leaf,
Wireless Mesh

Logical: MPLS Mesh, VPN Mesh

If you remove one connection in the fully connected Mesh then it becomes a partially connected Mesh

Question 13

Spine Leaf Architecture

Answer 13

Newer data center type architecture. All leaf switches and each individual leaf switch is fully meshed to all the spine switches. … But if you were looking at the entire topology every single leaf switch is not physically meshed with every other leaf switch

Question 14

Wireless Mesh

Answer 14

Example, deploying a bunch of wireless meshing access points. Some will automatically mesh with one another, if they are all within range. If a few are out of range then you have a partial mesh

Question 15

WMN

Answer 15

Wireless Mesh Network

Things like CDMA technology and radio towers and cell phone towers. They create different types of meshes as well.

Logical, MPLS mesh, a bunch of routers connected over a private WAN provider and that private WAN service may be MPLS and you call that the MPLS cloud. AKA each one of their routers that connected to that cloud is running border gateway protocol and can see routes through every other location

Question 16

MPLS Mesh

Answer 16

Multi Protocol Label Switching

Logical. A bunch of routers connected over a private WAN provider and that private WAN service may be MPLS and you call that the MPLS cloud. AKA each one of their routers that connected to that cloud is running border gateway protocol and can see routes through every other location

Question 17

VPN Mesh

Answer 17

I fwe have three different locations and they all have firewals that connect to the internet, logically we can create a VPN session between all three of the firewalls, a fully connected mesh. Logical mesh because the way the data actually flows is directly between these firewalls.

Physically, the way data gets from point A to point C is through many different types of networks/connections, probably composed of different types of partial and fully connected Meshes

Question 18

Hybrid Topology

Answer 18

Anything you can think of, a type of scenario that cannot be described by a single topology.

The further you zoom out of a network the more likely you’re looking at a hybrid network

Question 19

Distributed Star Topology

Answer 19

Hybrid Topology. Distributed start topology is both a linear topology and a star topology. Stars branch out from each node on the back bone line:

• *
  0—–0—–0—–0
  * *
  Okd topology.

|

Question 20

Mesh Topology with Start Topology

Answer 20

Hybrid Topology. A fully meshed topology and then a star topology coming off of each fully meshed node