Enhancing the Network Module

Question 1

Proxy Servers

Answer 1

An intermediary server used between clients and other servers (for a service) like a web proxy, usually an internal web proxy server)

Normal Proxy servers and Transparent proxy servers, which describe where a proxy server is located in the network

Question 2

Normal Proxy Server

Answer 2

Client’s browser is configured to use the proxy server, usually configured via domain policy. Proxy server is removed from the direct internet connection, usually by a router or switch.

Client sends request to proxy, proxy fetches data for client, then feeds the data back to the client

Question 3

Transparent Proxy Server

Answer 3

Client doesn’t need any special configuration to use the proxy server. It’s in line with the internet connection

Clients can just try to browse and it will automatically flow through that proxy server

Question 4

Content Filter Proxy Server

Answer 4

Filters based on content categories: malicious sites, adult sites, etc.

Question 5

Public Web Proxy

Answer 5

Provides web browsing services from the public proxy server

Can be used to bypass the firewall if the firewall is not configured to block the connection to the public web proxy

Question 6

Reverse Proxy Server

Answer 6

Handles requests coming from the internet. Provides services such as caching to decrease load on the web server

Someone requests something from a website, reverse web proxy handles the caching and request and it’s able to send information that’s cached from the web server, off loading a part of the web browsing experience

Question 7

Load Balancer

Answer 7

Type of reverse proxy server

Made to distribute the load amongst multiple servers to balance out the traffic. Can load balance with public and private networks.

Increase availability and load capacity of the web serivce

Two categories, Layer 4 TCP, UDP, FTP, IP or Layer 7, http, https, etc.

Question 8

Multicast Routing

Answer 8

One-to-may or many-to-many

It’s a selective broadcast

Packets are addressed to a group of destination computers

Needed for things like streaming over the WAN and through multiple routers

Question 9

PIM

Answer 9

Protocol Independent Multicast

A protocol that works between multicast enabled routers. Works with all routing tables and routing protocols

Spare and Dense

Question 10

PIM Sparse Mode

Answer 10

Light load on the network, creates a distribution tree, one router is the rendezvous point, doesn’t flood the multicast every where

Question 11

PIM Dense Mode

Answer 11

Geavy load on the network
Flood the multicast domain
Prunes back where no receivers

Sometimes may need to use this over Sparse mode

Question 12

IGMP

Answer 12

Internet Group Management Protocol

Used to create and join multicast groups.

Functions between the multicast client and the multicast enabled router

Clients use software to join an IP Multicast group

Question 13

IoT

Answer 13

Internet of Things

Describes the network of all every day objects. It’s a world where just about anything cab be connected to the internet

Think Home-automation and smart home

Made possible by cloud computing and wireless technologies

Question 14

802.11

Answer 14

Wifi or Wireless standard. Consumes high power. Enabled IoT

Question 15

Bluetooth

Answer 15

Regular bluetooth and lower power variants Enabled IoT

Question 16

NFC

Answer 16

Near Field Communications

Provides communication at a distance of 4cm. Apple Pay, pay with your phone

Enabled IoT

Question 17

IR

Answer 17

Infrared

Line of sight communication, like a tv remote
Enabled IoT

Question 18

RFID

Answer 18

Radio Frequency ID

Detects and reads data that is stored in RFID tags. Proximity readers, automobile ignition keys

Enabled IoT

Question 19

ANT+

Answer 19

For transferring data collected by sensors/monitoring

Measuring tire pressure in a bicycle tire, heart rate monitors

Question 20

Z-Wave

Answer 20

Less power than wifi, primarily for home automation

Z-Wave is in IoT light bulbs, things like that
Enabled IoT