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Network + > 802.3 Ethernet Standards and Cables > Flashcards

802.3 Ethernet Standards and Cables Flashcards

1
Q

802.3

A

Ethernet standards, performs encapsulation of Frames and shoots them onto the network. Packet switching protocol family

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2
Q

Ethernet Frame

A

1500 Bytes in size

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3
Q

Cat 3 Cable

A

10BaseT
10 Mbps, Baseband, unshielded twisted pair
100 meters

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4
Q

Cat 5 Cable

A

100BaseT (or 100BaseTX)
100 Mbps, baseband, unshielded twisted pair or shielded twisted pair
100 meters

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5
Q

Cat 5E Cable

A

1000BASE-T
1 Gbps, baseband, untwisted pair
100 meters

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6
Q

Cat 6 Cable

A

1000BASE-T
1 Gbps, baseband, untwisted pair
100 meters

OR

10GBASE-T
10 Gbps, baseband, untwisted pair
55 meters

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7
Q

Multi-mode Fiber

A

100BaseFX
100 Mbps, Baseband, Multi-mode fiber
2 km

1000BASE-SX
1 Gbps, Baseband, Multi-mode fiber
550 km

10GBASE-SW
10 Gbps, Baseband, Multi-mode fiber (SONET)
400 km

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8
Q

Single-mode fiber

A

100BaseLX
100 Mbps, baseband, single-mode fiber
10km

1000BASE-LX
1 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber
5km

10GBASE-LW
10 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber (SONET)
10 km

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9
Q

ThickNet

A

10BASE-5
10 Mbps, baseband, coaxial
500 meters

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10
Q

Cat 6A Cable

A

10GBaseT
10 Gbps, Baseband, Unshielded twisted pair
100 meters

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11
Q

Ethernet

A

10 Megabits per second

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12
Q

Fast Ethernet

A

100 Megabits per second

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13
Q

Gigabit Ethernet

A

1 Gigabit per second (1000 Mbps)

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14
Q

Ten Gigabit Ethernet

A

10 Gigabits per second

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15
Q

Ethernet Segmentation

A

Connection between network devices on a shared medium (same piec of wire) Ethernet segment is a collision domain

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16
Q

Collision Domain

A

All computer on the same collision domain because as they communication they have the potential for their frames to collide with one another. When frames collide they are destroyed.

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17
Q

Ethernet Switch

A

Separates collision domains, it remembers mac addresses from each computer and can send messages from one computers directly to another without flooding the message out

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18
Q

CSMA/CD

A

Carrier Sensitive Multiple Access with Collision Detection. Not used anymore since we got rid of collisions.

Each node listens to the wire, only trasmit when there is no signal on the wire, if a collision occurs a retrasmit signal is sent

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19
Q

Duplex

A

is a part of every single connection on ethernet, router, switch, NIC

Device’s ability to send or receive simultaneously or not

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20
Q

Half Duplex

A

Node can listen (receive) or talk (send), but not at the same time. Older

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21
Q

Full Duplex

A

Node can listen (receive) and talk (send) at the same time. Modern.

1Gbps @ Full Duplex = 2 Gbps throughput

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22
Q

Duplex Mismatch

A

On a switch port, if one side is full duplex and the other side is half duplex, there are going to be errors on the connection. Switching connecting to a router, switch, or host.

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23
Q

UTP Cable

A

Unshielded Twisted Pair. The cable has no metallic shielding to protect the wires from external interference. More common than STP

UTP is available in a variety of grades

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24
Q

Cat 6A Cable

A

10Gbps over 100m, 10GBaseT

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25
Q

RJ 45

A

Cable connector following the standards TIA/EIA 568 B/A Straight through (best with B standard). Most common connector

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26
Q

Cross-Over Cable

A

With Rj 45 connectors, if we have B standard on one end and A standard for the other end, we create a cross over cable.

Crossover cables reverse the sending and receiving wire pairs from one end to the other.

We use cross over cables to connect like devices. Computers connected to a computer use a cross over cable, routers to switches, or to connect network cards without a switch.

We connect switches to switches with cross-over cables

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27
Q

Straight Through Cable

A

Refer to connectors at each end of a patch cable terminated with the same standard, both ends have 568-B Used to connect hosts to switches and are the connective opposite of crossover cables

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28
Q

STP Cable

A

Shieled Twisted Pair, the cable has metallic shielding to protect the wires from external interference. Less common than UTP

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29
Q

Twisted Pair

A

Type of cable, 8 different cables all twisted into pairs, twists provide cross talk prevention. More twists, less cross talk.

Most common type of cabling used in networks

There are two types of Twisted Pair cables, UTP (Unshielded Twisted Pairs) and STP (Shielded Twisted Pairs)

Copper Media, POTS, Dial Up, DSL

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30
Q

UTP Grades

A

● Category 1 UTP Regular analog phone lines, not used for data communications
● Category 2 UTP Supports speeds up to 4 Mbps
● Category 3 UTP Supports speeds up to 16 Mbps
● Category 4 UTP Supports speeds up to 20 Mbps
● Category 5 UTP Supports speeds up to 100 Mbps
● Category 5e UTP Supports speeds up to 100 Mbps with two pairs and up to 1000 Mbps with four pairs
● Category 6 UTP Improved support for speeds up to 10 Gbps
● Category 6a UTP Extends the length of 10-Gbps communication to the full 100 meters commonly associated with UTP cabling

31
Q

Fiber Optics

A

A Core, is covered in cladding, covered in Buffer, then covered in Sheathing. LED shines into the cable and makes wave patterns.

Fiber Optics can travel much longer distances than copper wires

32
Q

Fiber Options Multi-mode

A

Multi-mode is designed for and LED light emitting diod on one side of the connection to shine into the fiber.

33
Q

Fiber Optics Single-mode

A

There is no LED light, only the laser shining through the core

34
Q

Fiber Optic

A

Single, solid glass core. Plastic used in low grade multi-mode

Multi-mode (LED, shorter distance), Single-mode (Laser, longer distance)

Connectors: ST (Single Twist), SC (Single Click), LC (Local Connector), MT-RJ (Mechcanical Transfer REgistered Jack”

Used traditionally with ethernet, ATM, Fiber-Channel, RDDI. Can be adapted for use with most any system requiring long distance and high bandwidth capabilities

Not susceptible to any electrical interference. Long range and high bandwidth

35
Q

Ethernet Naming Syntax

A

100Base-TX

100 - the speed of the connection in Megabits per second
Base - Baseband or Boardband ethernet connection (99% of the time we see Base)
TX - Tells cable or media type, TX is a shielded twisted pair, T is an unshielded twisted pair

36
Q

10BASE-5

A

10 Mbps, Baseband, ThickNet
500 meters
(Coaxial cable)

37
Q

10BASE-2

A

10 Mbps, Baseband, ThinNet
185 meters
(Coaxial Cable)

38
Q

10BASE-T

A

10 Mbps, Baseband, Unshielded Twisted Pair, 100 meters
Cat 3 Cable

39
Q

100BASE-TX or 100BASE-T

A

100Mbps, Baseband, Shielded Twisted Pair (or Unshielded Twisted Pair)
100 meters
Cat 5 Cable
Fast Ethernet

40
Q

100BASE-FX

A

100 Mbps, Baseband, Multi-mode Fiber
2 KM (2000 meters)
Fast Ethernet

41
Q

100BASE-LX

A

100 Mbps, Baseband, Single-mode Fiber
10 km
Fast Ethernet

42
Q

1000BASE-CX

A

1 Gbps, Baseband, Coax (twinax)
25 km

43
Q

1000BASE-T

A

1 Gbps, Baseband, Unshielded twisted pair
100 meters
Cat 5e or Cat 6

44
Q

1000BASE-SX

A

1 Gbps, Baseband, Multi-mode fiber
550 km

45
Q

1000BASE-LX

A

1 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber
5km

46
Q

10GBASE-T

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Untwisted Pair
Cat 6 (55 meters)
Cat 6a (100 meters)

47
Q

10GBASE-SR

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Multi-mode fiber
400 km

48
Q

10GBASE-LR

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber (1310nm)
10 km

49
Q

10GBASE-ER

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber(1550nm)
40 km

50
Q

10GBASE-SW

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Multi-mode fiber (SONET)
400 km

51
Q

10GBASE-LW

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber (SONET)
10 km

52
Q

10GBASE-EW

A

10 Gbps, Baseband, Single-mode fiber (SONET)
40 km

53
Q

ThinNet

A

10BASE-2
10 Mbps, Baseband, coaxial cable
185 meters

54
Q

Coaxial Cable

A

Single, solid, copper core
Connectors:
RG6 for long distance
RG-59 for short distance

Used with Cable Modems (DOCSIS), early ethernet (RG-8 and RG-58)

55
Q

Radio Waves

A

Cellular, Wireless LANs, more prevalent outside of the U.S.

Invisible Physical Media

56
Q

Satellite Communications

A

High Latency, mostly used for back up connectivity or rural internet access

57
Q

Media Converter

A

Converts from one type of physical media to another, most common for Ethernet conversion

Twisted Pair Ethernet to Fiber Optic Ethernet

58
Q

Signaling

A

Analog - continuous sine waveform. Suffer degradation when noise is introduced and when the signal is copied and retransmitted

Digital - a representation of the transmission using strict ons and offs. Very robust and fast. Requires additional machinery, can’t send a digital signal straight to a speak and expect it to work

59
Q

Modulation

A

Process of conveying a message signal inside another signal (the carrier) that can be physicall trasnmitted across a mediumA

60
Q

Analog Modulation

A

Modulation is applied continuously in response to the analog intelligence signal, land line phone.

61
Q

Digital Modulation

A

Can be digital to analog conversion and demodulation can be considered as analog to digital conversion.

We get MODEM from Modulate and Demodulate

62
Q

Synchronous Transmission

A

Requires a reference clock to sync the transmission between the sender and receiver

63
Q

Asynchronous Transmission

A

Utilizes a start bit and stop bit to determine where each byte of data begins and ends

64
Q

Bit Rate

A

Expressed in bits per second

Fast Ethernet is 100 Mbps
Gigabit Ethernet is 1 Gbps (1 billion bits per second across a wire)

65
Q

Baud Rate

A

Refers to the number of signal or symbol changes per second. Older term usually used with serial technology, serial modems, and RS232 connections

If a symbol can represent two bits, then a symbol (Baud) rate of 4800 Baud is a Bit Rate of 9600bps

9600/2=4800

66
Q

Multiplexing

A

Method by which multiple analog or digital signals are combined into one signal over a shared mediumDe-

67
Q

De-Multiplexing

A

Reverse of Multiplexing, by which multiple analog or digital signals are extracted from the single signal

68
Q

Multiplexors

A

Used primarily in Wide Area Networking with multiple circuts to be pushed onto a single medium

69
Q

TDM

A

Time Division Multiplexing is a method of multiplexing where the separate data streams are divided using time, instead of space or frequency

70
Q

Broandband

A

Divides bandwidth into separate chanels across a wide or broad band of frequencies

DSL, Cable TV, 2 way communuication

71
Q

Baseband

A

Uses the entire bandwidth of the network connection or media. Incredibly high data rates

Sending and receiving cannot occur on the same wire at the same time. There will always be two connections one for receiving and one for transmitting

Most forms of ethernet are baseband

72
Q

MDF

A

Main Distribution Frame, primary equipment room

73
Q

IDF

A

Intermediate Distribution Frame, Telecommunications closet

Network + (19 decks)

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