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DERM > topical derm > Flashcards

topical derm Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

emollient vs moisturizer

A

Emollients: soften skin
Moisturizers: add moisture

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2
Q

humectant vs occlusive

A

Humectant: helps retain/absorb ambient water
Occlusive: reduce water loss, best on damp skin

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3
Q

glycerol or glycerin are examples of _____ and is often used in moisturizers and creams

A

humectant

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4
Q

petroleum jelly, lanolin, topical mineral oil are examples of _____

A

occlusives

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5
Q

Burrows solution is a ____

A

topical cleansing agent/astringent

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6
Q

name of the class of drying agents that draw out protein causing skin to contract & vessels to constrict soothing inflammation

A

Astringents

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7
Q

5 general uses of burrows soln and one specific use that we learned

A

bites, rhus, edema, allergies, bruises
dyshydrosis bullae (1/40)

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8
Q

components of burrows solution

A

aluminum acetate 1/20 or 1/40; 1 packet in 1 pint

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9
Q

provides temporary relief of itching/pain from minor skin irritations d/t bites, poison ivy; dries oozing weeping rhus

A

diphenhydramine creams

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10
Q

max daily application diphenhydramine creams

A

QID

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11
Q

can cause skin sensitization & subsequent contact dermatitis

A

diphenhydramine creams

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12
Q

inhibits phospholipase A2 which reduces skin levels of pro-inflam kinines; vasoconstriction & antimitotic

A

topical steroids

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13
Q

most potent steroid vehicle with occlusive effect and poor compliance

A

ointments

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14
Q

more potent than steroid lotions but less than ointments & washes off with water

A

steroid creams

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15
Q

drying vehicle for scalp/hair application

A

steroid solutions

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16
Q

for moist dermatoses or pruritic; hairy or larger areas

A

steroid lotion

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17
Q

alcohol base with sting effect; colorless and liquifies on skin

A

steroid gels

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18
Q

more expensive but great for inflamed skin on scalp

A

steroid foams

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19
Q

2 factors that increase potency

A

occlusive dressings promote hydration with increased absorption & potency
ointments

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20
Q

you can use super high potency for severe dermatoses. list 3 of them (2 conditions, 1 location)

A

psoriasis
severe atopic derm
palms & soles

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21
Q

Betamethasone dipropionate(cream), Halobetasol propionate are of what potency

A

super high

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22
Q

max amount of time to use super high potency

A

4 wks

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23
Q

can be used for mid to moderate non-facial and non-intertriginous areas

A

medium to high potency steroids

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24
Q

Fluticasone propionate (ointment), Triamcinolone acetonide (cream, ointment) are examples of what potency

A

medium to high (intermediate) potency

25
Q

you should not use mid to high potency steroids for more than _______

A

8 wks

26
Q

potency considered for larger areas being treated (systemic absorption)

A

low to medium potency

27
Q

potency used for eyelid and genital dermatoses & pediatrics

A

low potency

28
Q

of FTUs used to cover face/neck, trunk and leg

A

face/neck– 2.5
trunk– 7
leg—6

29
Q

of FTUs used to cover arm, hand and foot

A

arm– 3
hand– 0.5
foot—2

30
Q

if tx facial, intertriginous or genital dermatoses with low to mid potency; how long is tx course

A

1-2 wks

31
Q

potency for pregnancy

A

low to mid potency

32
Q

which potency has atrophy, telangiectasia, striae as ADR

A

super potent

33
Q

2 cutaneous ADRs of topical steroids

A

acneiform eruptions w/ prolonged use
perioral dermatitis with chronic facial use

34
Q

which potencies can cause HPA suppression

A

super high, high, routine mid potency

35
Q

2 other systemic ADR of topical steroids

A

hyperglycemia and unmasking of diabetes
glaucoma & cataracts w/ topical high potency used around the eye

36
Q

antifungal class that interferes w/ lipid biosynthesis to disturb membrane integrity

A

imidazoles

37
Q

Cures most tinea pedis, tinea cruris, tinea versicolor, ringworm, and oral & vaginal candidiasis

A

miconazole (monistat)

38
Q

Wide systemic spectrum (dermatophytes and yeast) that Requires gastric acidity for absorption & is available PO and shampoo

A

ketoconazole (nizoral)

39
Q

most serious ADR of hepatitis; jaundice, anorexia, malaise and N&V

A

ketoconazole

40
Q

Drug of choice for Crytococcus neoformans & Coccidioidomycosis; also for vaginal candidiasis

A

fluconazole (Po & topical)

41
Q

imidazole with No endocrine side effects and great CSF penetration; Less systemic SE than Ketoconazole

A

fluconazole

42
Q

Drug of choice for Blastomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Sporotrichosis

A

Itraconazole

43
Q

imidazole with No endocrine side effects, poor CSF penetration

A

itraconazole

44
Q

2 meds you must be over 2 yo to use

A

ketoconazole and terbinafine

45
Q

oral med that must be over 30lbs to use

A

griseofulvin

46
Q

med that you must be over 2 wks old to use

A

fluconazole

47
Q

an opportunistic infection caused by pigeon droppings and treated with fluconzaole

A

Crytococcus neoformans

48
Q

Highly infectious soil is found near areas inhabited by bats and bird; Missionary Workers, pulmonary form

A

Histoplasmosis

49
Q

educate patient on showering with topical imidazole

A

shower right after applying topical, not hours later bc it takes hours for it to start coming out your pores

50
Q

dont use -azole with ____ bc of risk of cardiac effects

A

cisapride

51
Q

azoles and _____ potentiate oral anticoagulants and antihypoglycemics so you should check for interactions

A

griseofulvin

52
Q

inhibits fungal squalene epoxidase, resulting in fungal cell death and available PO and topical

A

terbinafine

53
Q

Drug of choice for dermatophyte infections (onychomycosis), also works for candida albicans; Better tolerated and shorter course than Griseofulvin & Itraconazole

A

Terbinafine

54
Q

Deposited in skin, hair and nails for up to 6 weeks after therapy.

A

terbinafine

55
Q

1 ADR is GI disturbances (N/V/D), also HA and rash. Rare hepatotoxicity

A

Terbinafine

56
Q

inhibiting cell wall synthesis by targeting certain cellular organelles; only for dermatophyte; best on actively growing dermatophyte

A

Griseofulvin

57
Q

taken with meals for absorption once or twice a day

A

griseofulvin

58
Q

ADR: HA, GI symptoms. Rarely hepatotoxicity, leukopenia, photosensitivity

A

griseofulvin

DERM (13 decks)

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