Topic ONE - Section ONE - Bones - Movement

Question 1

Identify how many bones are in the human body

Answer 1

206

Question 2

What are the names of the two divided parts of the skeletal system ?
What are the functions of each ?

Answer 2

Axial Skeleton - Protection
Appendicular Skeleton - Movement

Question 3

Axial Skeleton consists of :

Answer 3

Cranium
Sternum
Ribs
Vertebral Column
( Cervical , Thoracic , Lumbar , Sacrum , Coccyx )

Question 4

Appendicular Skeleton consists of :

Answer 4

Clavicle
Scapula
Humerus
Ulna - Upper
Radius
Carpals
Metacarpals
Phalanges

Pelvis ( Pubis , Ischium , Ilium )
Femur
Patella
Fibula
Tibia - Lower
Talus
Tarsals
Metatarsals
Phalanges

Question 5

Parts of the Vertebrae :
How many vertebra in each :

Answer 5

Cervical - 7
Thoracic - 12
Lumbar - 5
Sacrum - 5
Coccyx - 4

Question 6

The Functions of Skeletal System :

Answer 6

1 - Shape
2 - Support
3 - Protection
4 - Movement
5 - Blood Cell Production
6 - Mineral Storage

Question 7

Types of Bones :
Each Function :
Example:

Answer 7

Long Bones - Produce Movement - Femur
Short Bones - Weight Bearing - Talus
Flat Bones - Protection - Ribs
Irregular Bones - Protection - Vertebrae
Sesamoid Bones - Protection - Patella

Question 8

Joint Classifications :
Examples :

Answer 8

Fibrous ( Fixed / Fused ) - Sacrum/ Coccyx
Cartilaginous ( Slightly Movable ) - Thoracic
Synovial ( Movable ) - Shoulder

Question 9

Types of Synovial Joints :
Examples :

Answer 9

Hinge - One Plane - Elbow
Ball and Socket - Four Planes - Hips
Condyloid - Three Planes - Wrist
Saddle - Three Planes - Thumb
Pivot - One Plane - Radio-ulna
Gliding - Three Planes - Carpals

Question 10

Parts of Knee Joints :
Functions :

Answer 10

Cartilage - Shock Absorption - Stabiliser
Ligament - Connect Bones Together
Menisci - Shock Absorption - Stabiliser
Synovial Fluid - Lubricates Joint
Synovial Membrane - Secrete Fluid
Bursae - Friction Reducers
Joint Capsule - Protect Layers Around Joint
Pads Of Fat - Friction Reducers

Question 11

Joint Movements :

Answer 11

Flexion - Decreasing Angle
Extension - Increasing Angle
Abduction - Away From Midline
Adduction - Toward Midline

Lateral Flexion - Side To Side
- ( Vertebrae )
Medial Rotation - Rotation To Midline
- ( Ball and Socket )
Lateral Rotation - Rotation From Midline
- ( Ball and Socket )

Circumduction - Combination Of :
- Flexion , Extension , Abduction , Abduction

Pronation - Palm Face Down
- ( Radio-ulna )
Supination - Palm Face Up
- ( Radio-ulna )

Dorsiflexion - Toes Toward Tibia
- ( Ankle )
Plantar Flexion - Toes Toward Ground
- ( Ankle )

Horizontal Adduction/Horizontal Extension
- Increasing Angle Parallel To Ground

Horizontal Abduction/Horizontal Flexion
- Decreasing Angle Parallel To Ground

Question 12

Joint Classifications in the Vertebrae :

Answer 12

Cervical - Synovial
Thoracic - Cartilaginous
Lumbar - Cartilaginous
Sacrum - Fibrous
Coccyx - Fibrous

Question 13

Short Term Effects - Skeletal System

Answer 13

Positive - Increased Synovial Fluid Production

Negative - High impact activities increase risk of injury

Question 14

Long Term Effects - Skeletal System

Answer 14

Positive :
Denser Bones
Improved Posture
Improved Weight Management

Negative :
Osteoarthritis
Golfers Elbow
Stress Fractures
Lower Back Pain

Question 15

Effects of a Cool Down on Skeletal System

Answer 15

Reduced Joint Impact
Reduced Chance of Injury

Question 16

Effects of a Warm Up on Skeletal System

Answer 16

Increased Synovial Fluid Production
Increased ROM - Less Friction
(ROM - Less Chance Of Injury)