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Physical Education - YR12 > Topic ONE - Section FIVE - Energy System > Flashcards

Topic ONE - Section FIVE - Energy System Flashcards

1
Q

Three Energy Systems :

A
  • ATP - PC / Alactic System
  • Lactic Acid
  • Aerobic System
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2
Q

What is the ATP - PC System?

A
  • Adeonsine Triphosphate is a compound stored in the muscles
  • Must be broken down to enable muscle contraction
  • Body cannot use any other source of energy for muscle contractions
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3
Q

ATP Breakdown :

A
  • During exercise a phosphate molecule breaks off using the energy stored in the bond to the muscle
  • This results in ADP
  • Adenosine Diphosphate
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4
Q

ATP Resynthesis :

A
  • ATP stores last 6 seconds
  • Body needs to crease new ATP from remaining ADP
  • A phosphate molecule is reattached to ADP Chain
  • Can be done through 3 different energy systems
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5
Q

ATP - PC Energy Pathway :
Enzymes :
Energy Yield :

A

ATPase
ATP —————> ADP+Pi+ Energy
(Exothermic Reaction)

  Creatine kinase PC ——————> Pi+C—> Energy 
                             (Exothermic Reaction)

Energy + Pi + ADP —> ATP
(Endothermic Reaction)

ATPase = Enzyme
Creatine Kinase = Enzyme

One PC Molecule produces One New ATP molecule

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6
Q

ATP - PC System Features :

A
  • Anaerobic
  • Lasts 6-10 Seconds
  • Recovery Time : 3 Minutes
  • Short Duration / High Intensity
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7
Q

ATP - PC System
Advantages:
Disadvantages :

A

Advantages :
- Stored in muscle already
- No oxygen required
- No waste products
- Quick reaction

Disadvantages :
- Only lasts 10 Seconds / Only enough pc for 10 seconds

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8
Q

What is the Lactic Acid System?

A
  • Energy system that breaks down carbohydrates to glycogen by digestion and stored in muscles and liver
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9
Q

Lactic Acid System Breakdown :

A
  • Known as Anaerobic Glycolysis
  • Takes place in the Sarcoplasm
  • Glycogen is broken down to glucose
  • Glucose broken down to Pyruvic acid
  • No oxygen results in pyruvic acid converted into lactic acid by lactate dehydrogenase

Phospofructokinase = Enzyme

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10
Q

Lactic Acid System Resynthesis :

A
  • Liver converts excess lactic acid into glucose
  • Muscles then use this glucose to resynthesize glycogen
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11
Q

Lactic Acid Pathway :
Enzyme :
Energy Yield :

A

Muscle / Liver Glycogen ——> Glucose
Sarcoplasm - Anaerobic Glycolysis -> Glucose

Glucose —> PFK —> Pyruvic Acid

                     LDH Pyruvic Acid  ———> Lactic Acid  Pyruvic Acid ———> Energy

Energy —> 2 ATP ( Energy Yield )

PFK - Enzyme
(Phospofructokinase)

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12
Q

Lactic Acid System Features :

A
  • Lasts 10 - 2 Minutes
  • Anaerobic
  • Recovery Time : 1-2 Hours
  • Moderate / High Intensity
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13
Q

Lactic Acid System
Advantages :
Disadvantages :

A

Advantages :
- Produces greater yield of ATP than ATP-PC
One Glycogen produces Two new ATP
- No oxygen required
- Lasts longer than ATP-PC

Disadvantages :
- Muscles become more acidic after 2 minutes
- Build of lactic acid - waste product
Leads to fatigue

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14
Q

What is the Aerobic System?

A
  • Energy system that breaks down carbohydrates and fats stored in the muscle and liver
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15
Q

Aerobic System Breakdown :

A
  • Uses Aerobic Glycolysis
  • Glycogen is broken down to glucose
  • Glucose broken down to Pyruvic acid
  • Oxygen and glucose leads to acetyl coenzyme A
  • Kreb Cycle
  • Electron Transfer Chain
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16
Q

Aerobic System Resynthesis :

A
  • The electron transfer chain creates ATP
17
Q

Aerobic System Pathway :
Enzymes :
Energy Yield :

A

Glycogen Phosophorlyse
Muscle/Liver Glycogen ————> Glucose

Glucose —> PFK - 2 ATP
- Pyruvic Acid + Water

Pyruvic Acid + Water = Acetyl Coenzyme A

Acetyl Coenzyme A —> Krebs Cycle
Krebs Cycle —> 2 ATP
Krebs Cycle —> Electron Transfer Chain
Electron Transfer Chain —> 34 ATP

Glycogen Phosphorlyse = Enzyme
PFK = Enzyme
(Phospofructokinase)

Total Energy Yield : 38 ATP

18
Q

Aerobic System Features :

A
  • Lasts Minutes + ( Infinite )
  • Aerobic
  • Recovery Time : 24 - 48 Hours
  • Moderate / Low Intensity
19
Q

Aerobic System Features :

A
  • Lasts Minutes + ( Infinite )
  • Aerobic
  • Recovery Time : 24 - 48 Hours
  • Moderate / Low Intensity
20
Q

Aerobic System
Advantages :
Disadvantages :

A

Advantages :
- Produces large amount of ATP
1:38
- Long Duration
- No harmful waste products
- Breaks down fats

Disadvantages :
- Slow process , takes time get going
- Oxygen Debt

21
Q

What is the Energy Continuum?

A
  • All energy systems work at the same
  • One becomes dominant as It continues

Physical Education - YR12 (5 decks)

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