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Physical Education - YR12 > Topic ONE - Section FOUR - Respiratory System > Flashcards

Topic ONE - Section FOUR - Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Main Function of the Respiratory System :

A
  • Oxygenate red blood cells
  • Removal of Carbon dioxide from muscles
  • Increase Body Temperature
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2
Q

Components of the Respiratory System :

A
  • Nasal Cavity / Mouth
  • Larynx
  • Pharynx
  • Epiglottis
  • Trachea
  • Bronchi / Bronchus
  • Bronchioles
  • Alveoli
  • Rib Cage
  • Sternocleidomastoid
  • Abdominals
  • Pectorals
  • Diaphragm
  • Intercostal Muscles
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3
Q

What is Gaseous Exchange :

A
  • The Exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide
  • As oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream
  • Carbon dioxide from the blood moves to the lungs
  • Occurs at the Alveoli and Capillaries

Capillary : Carbon dioxide to Oxygen
Alveoli : Oxygen to Carbon dioxide

During Gaseous Exchange , Diffusion occurs moving both substances from a High to Low Partial Pressure

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4
Q

Features of the Alveoli :
Function :

A
  • One Cell Thick
  • Surrounded by Capillaries
  • High Surface Area
  • Very Deep
  • Allow Gaseous Exchange
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5
Q

Features of the Epiglottis :

A
  • Made of Cartilage
  • Prevent Food entering the Trachea
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6
Q

Features of the Pharynx :

A
  • Made of Cartilage and muscle
  • Prevents Air being swallowed
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7
Q

Features of Larynx :
Function :

A
  • Made of Cartilage and muscle
  • Directs air to the Trachea / Lungs
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8
Q

Features of the Nasal Cavity :
Function :

A
  • Contains cilia which filters bacteria of the inhaled air
  • Entrance of Air to enter the Respiratory System
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9
Q

Features of the Trachea :
Function :

A
  • Cartilage Rings
  • Direct Air Through to the Lungs
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10
Q

Features of the Bronchi :
Function :

A
  • Cartilage Rings
  • Direct Air Through to the Lungs
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11
Q

Features of the Bronchioles :
Function :

A
  • Smaller than Bronchi / Bronchus
  • Direct Air Through to the Alveoli
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12
Q

Features of the Intercostal Muscles :
Function :

A
  • Muscles between the Ribs
  • Contract and Relax
  • Life and Lower Rib Cage
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13
Q

Features of the Diaphragm :
Function :

A
  • Sheet of Muscle
  • Contract and Relax
  • Flatten and Dome
  • Increase and Decrease Thoracic Cavity
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14
Q

Inhalation Changes : Rest

A

Diaphragm - Contracts - Flattens
Intercostal - Contract - Ribs Up and Out
Thoracic Cavity - Increase
Air Pressure - Decreases

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15
Q

Exhalation Changes : Rest

A

Diaphragm - Relaxes - Domes
Intercostals - Relaxes - Ribs Down and In
Thoracic Cavity - Decrease
Air Pressure - Increases

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16
Q

Inhalation Changes : Exercise

A

Diaphragm - Contracts - Flattens
Intercostals - Contract - Ribs Up and Out
Thoracic Cavity - Increase More
Air Pressure - Decrease More
Pectorals - Pull Ribs Further Up and Out
Sternocleidomastoid - Pulls Ribs Further Up and Out
- More air enter lungs

17
Q

Exhalation Changes : Exercise

A

Diaphragm - Relaxes - Domes
Intercostals - Relaxes - Ribs Down and In
Thoracic Cavity - Decrease More
Air Pressure - Increase More
Abdominals - Pulls Ribs Further Down
- Forces air out quicker

18
Q

Pathway of Oxygen :

A

Nasal Cavity / Mouth - Epiglottis - Trachea - Bronchi / Bronchus - Bronchioles - Alveoli

Gaseous Exchange - Diffusion - Capillaries - Haemoglobin - Blood - Heart - Muscles

19
Q

What is Aerobic Respiration?
Equation?

A
  • Use of oxygen
  • Working at a 60-80%
  • Glucose + 02 = Energy + C02 + Water
20
Q

What happens in the Capillaries to oxygen?

A

-Haemoglobin binds to oxygen
- Produces oxyhemoglobin

21
Q

What is Oxygen Demand

A
  • How much oxygen your muscles require
22
Q

What is Oxygen Debt?

A
  • Oxygen shortage caused by a aerobic exercise
  • When your muscles need more oxygen than you can supply
  • Needs to be Replenished
23
Q

What Measures Breathing Activity?

A

Spirometer

24
Q

What is Total Lung Capacity?
During Exercise?

A
  • Volume of Air in the lungs upon max effort of inspiration
  • Does Not Change
25
Q

What is Tidal Volume?
During Exercise?

A

-Amount of air inhaled and exhaled per breath
- Increases

26
Q

What is Vital Capacity?
During Exercise?

A
  • Maximum amount of air you can forcing breath in and out
  • Does Not Change
27
Q

What is Residual Volume?
During Exercise?

A
  • Amount of air left in after maximum exhalation
  • Does Not Change
28
Q

What is Expiratory Reserve Volume?
During Exercise?

A
  • Amount of air that can be breathed out upon forced exhalation
  • Decreases
29
Q

What is Inspiratory Reserve Volume?
During Exercise?

A
  • Amount of air that can be breathed in upon forced inhalation
  • Decreases
30
Q

What is Anaerobic Respiration?
Equation?

A
  • Without oxygen
  • Working at 80-90%
  • 60 Seconds Maximum
  • Glucose = Energy + Lactic Acid
31
Q

What is EPOC?

A
  • Excess Post Oxygen Consumption
  • Period After Exercise to Repay Debt
32
Q

What is Minute Ventilation?

A

Amount of air that enters and exits lungs per minute

33
Q

Short Term Effects on Respiratory System :

A

Increased Breath Frequency
Increased Tidal Volume
Increased Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Increased Expiratory Reserve Volume
Increased Vital Capacity
Greater Force Produced

34
Q

Long Term Effects on Respiratory System :

A

Increased Muscle ( respiratory ) strength
Increased Muscle ( respiratory ) recovery
Greater Diffusion

35
Q

What Type of Process is the Respiratory System?

A

Passive

Physical Education - YR12 (5 decks)

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