Topic list III Flashcards
Define Pulmonary HTN
When mean pulmonary arterial pressure > 25 mmHg
Normal pulmonary arterial pressure=
8-20 mmHg
Primary pulmonary HTN is devided into
Sporadic
Familial
Familial Primary pulmonary HTN
TGF-B mutation –> Smooth muscle disfunction
Sporadic Primary pulmonary HTN
Polymorphisn of serotonine transfer gene
How do we measure pulmonary artery pressure?
Right heart cathetarization
Cor pulmonale=
Enlargement and failure of the right ventricle due to increased pulmoary resistance
Treatment of cor pulmonale
Treat the underlying disease Increase RV contractility Decrease pulmonary vasoconstriction O2 Diuretics CCK B2 agonists Anticoagulation
Pulmonary edema is devided into 2:
Cardiogenic pulmonary edema
ARDS
Causes of ARDS
Sepsis Breathing high concentrations of smoke or chemical Severe pneumonia Head, chest or other major injury Coronavirus Drowning Aspiration
Bronchiectasis causes
CF TB Pneumonia Allergic Bronchopulmonary aspergillosis Bronchial tumor
What is damaged in CF?
CFTR
Cl- channels
Newborn with CF symp.
Meconium ileus
What is the most common cause for bronchiectasis?
CF
a1-Anti Trypsin deficiency- what is the genetic background?
Autosomal dominant
What is the normal activity of a1-Anti Trypsin?
Inhibition of Neutrophil-derived proteases
Examples for Neutrophil-derived proteases
Trypsin
Elastase
a1-Anti Trypsin is made by:
Liver
a1-Anti Trypsin deficiency will cause
Panacinar emphysema
Emphysema symp.
Dyspnea
Smoke accelerates symp.
Tachypnea
Barrel chest
Endemic fungal pathogens
Histoplasmosis
Coccidioidomacosis
Cryptococcus
Blastomyces
Oportunistic fungal pathogens
Candida
Aspergillus
Mucor
Pulmonary Aspergillosis causes (3)
A. Fumigatus
A. Flavus
A. Niger
