Pneumonia

Question 1

Classification of Pneumonia by places we aquire it from

Answer 1

Community

Nosocomial (Can be Hospital/Ventilator)

Question 2

CAP-

What microorganisms are the cause?

Answer 2

1. S. Pneumo 20-50%
2. Mycoplasma, Chlamydia
3. H. Flu, Klebsiella
4. Viruses

Question 3

Nosocomial AP-

What microorganisms are the cause?

Answer 3

1. E. Coli
2. Pseudomonas
3. S. Aureus
4. Acinetobacter
5. H. Flu

Question 4

Percussion sounds in pneumonia

Answer 4

Shortened sounds

Question 5

Auscultation sounds in pneumonia

Answer 5

Fine crepitation

Rales

Question 6

Blood results in pneumonia

Answer 6

High: CRP, Neut, ESR, LDH, Procalcitonin (severe sepsis)

Question 7

Blood gas results in pneumonia

Answer 7

Hypoxemia
Hypocapnia
Respiratory alkalosis

Question 8

Etiological diagnosis in pneumonia

Answer 8

Sputum from lower airway
DNA testing (Corona...)
Serology
Urinary
Culture
PCR

Question 9

What are the questions we ask when we determine the risks of patients suffering from pneumonia?

Answer 9

Malignant disease
Liver disease
Heart
Kidney
Mental status
Tachypnea > 30
BP
Temp.
HR > 125
pH < 7.35
BUN >11
Low sodium
High glucose
Low Hct
Low PO2
Pleural fluid

Question 10

PORT group

Answer 10

I < 40
II < 70
III 71-90
IV 91-130
V > 130

Question 11

Which PORT groups can have oral AB at home?

Answer 11

PORT I, II, III

Question 12

Which PORT groups will need hospitilization and IV AB?

Answer 12

PORT III, IV

Question 13

Which PORT groups will respiratory intensive care and IV AB?

Answer 13

PORT IV, V

Question 14

PORT I AB treatment

Answer 14

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (Augmentin)
or
Macrolides

Question 15

PORT II-III AB treatment

Answer 15

Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (Augmentin) + Macrolides
or
Levofloxacin (Tavanic)

Question 16

PORT III-IV AB treatment

Answer 16

Augmentin or Rocefin
+
Macrolides or Levofloxacin

IV!!!!

Question 17

PORT IV-V AB treatment

Answer 17

Rocefin IV
Meropenem IV
Tazocin IV
\+
Tavanic
Klacid
Amikin

Question 18

PORT IV-V AB possible pathogens?

Answer 18

S. Pneumo
Legionella
S. Aureus
G- Aerob
H. inf
Viruses

Question 19

High risk groups for TB

Answer 19

HIV
Close contact
Patients with old healed apical fibronodular lesions
IVDU
Immigrants
Low income population

Question 20

TB spreads by

Answer 20

Aerosolization of contaminated respiratory secretions

Question 21

Side effects of Ethambutol

Answer 21

Optic neuritis