Pneumonia Flashcards
Classification of Pneumonia by places we aquire it from
Community
Nosocomial (Can be Hospital/Ventilator)
CAP-
What microorganisms are the cause?
- S. Pneumo 20-50%
- Mycoplasma, Chlamydia
- H. Flu, Klebsiella
- Viruses
Nosocomial AP-
What microorganisms are the cause?
- E. Coli
- Pseudomonas
- S. Aureus
- Acinetobacter
- H. Flu
Percussion sounds in pneumonia
Shortened sounds
Auscultation sounds in pneumonia
Fine crepitation
Rales
Blood results in pneumonia
High: CRP, Neut, ESR, LDH, Procalcitonin (severe sepsis)
Blood gas results in pneumonia
Hypoxemia
Hypocapnia
Respiratory alkalosis
Etiological diagnosis in pneumonia
Sputum from lower airway DNA testing (Corona...) Serology Urinary Culture PCR
What are the questions we ask when we determine the risks of patients suffering from pneumonia?
Malignant disease Liver disease Heart Kidney Mental status Tachypnea > 30 BP Temp. HR > 125 pH < 7.35 BUN >11 Low sodium High glucose Low Hct Low PO2 Pleural fluid
PORT group
I < 40 II < 70 III 71-90 IV 91-130 V > 130
Which PORT groups can have oral AB at home?
PORT I, II, III
Which PORT groups will need hospitilization and IV AB?
PORT III, IV
Which PORT groups will respiratory intensive care and IV AB?
PORT IV, V
PORT I AB treatment
Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (Augmentin)
or
Macrolides
PORT II-III AB treatment
Amoxicillin-Clavulanic acid (Augmentin) + Macrolides
or
Levofloxacin (Tavanic)
PORT III-IV AB treatment
Augmentin or Rocefin
+
Macrolides or Levofloxacin
IV!!!!
PORT IV-V AB treatment
Rocefin IV Meropenem IV Tazocin IV \+ Tavanic Klacid Amikin
PORT IV-V AB possible pathogens?
S. Pneumo Legionella S. Aureus G- Aerob H. inf Viruses
High risk groups for TB
HIV Close contact Patients with old healed apical fibronodular lesions IVDU Immigrants Low income population
TB spreads by
Aerosolization of contaminated respiratory secretions
Side effects of Ethambutol
Optic neuritis
