Asthma Flashcards
Definition of Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disorder of the airway
Aiwray hyperresponsiveness
Asthma inflammatory cells are composed of
Mast cells
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Bronchoconstriction is caused by
Histamine
Leukotrienes
Prostaglandins
Besides Bronchoconstriction, what else is involved in asthma?
Edema formation
Mucus hypersecretion
Structual changes (Hypertrophy and hyperplasia)
Tissue fibrosis
Astham possible ways to classified (3)
Severity
Control level
Etiology
Asthma diagnosis
History
Lung function
Airway responsiveness
Allergic status
Asthma symptoms
Wheezing Coughing Tight chest Dyspnea Sputum increases
Describe what is wheezing
Intermittent, prolonged expiration
What do we measure durring lung function tests?
Spirometry PEF Body plethysmography Bronchial challenge Exercise challenge
Does decrease FEV1 proves the diagnosis of asthma?
No
PEF normal renge
400-600 L/min
Asthma patient PEF
200-400 L/min
After methacholine, what would we expect to see in asthma patient FEV1?
A larger fail than in healthy person
Increase sensitivity
Allergy test in asthma examples:
Skin prick test
Bronchial challenge test
IgE levels
Histamine levels
What are the Pro’s of inhaled drugs?
Rapid onset
Less amount
Better tolerated
Bronchodilators in the treatment of asthma? (3 main groups)
SABA
Muscarinic antagonists
Theophyllines (IV)
Action of B2 Agonist can last how long
4-6 h
Examples for B2 agonists
Salbutamol
Terbutaline
Fenoterol
Inhaled steroids examples
Beclomrtasone
Budesonide
Fluticasone
Ciclesonide
Zileuton is an example for what kind of drug?
5-LO inhibitor
Leukotriene modifier
CycLT1-R-Antagonists examples (3)
Montelukast (Singulair)
Pranlukast
Zafirlukast
Anti IgE drug
Omalizumab
How many stepwise treatment steps are there for asthma?
5
Drugs for each step
1- As needed SABA 2- As needed SABA, Low dose ICS 3- As needed SABA, LD ICS+LABA 4- As needed SABA, MD ICS+LABA 5- As needed SABA, Oral glucocorticosteroids
