topic 9 - plant nutrition

Question 1

what is photosynthesis?

Answer 1

a process that occurs in plants that converts light energy into chemical energy to fuel the plant.

Question 2

photosynthesis word equation

Answer 2

carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen

Question 3

photosynthesis symbol equation

Answer 3

6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2

Question 4

what are the limiting factors?

Answer 4

light intensity, CO2 concentration, temperature

Question 5

how does light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 5

as the light intensity increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis. However, as the light intensity continues to increase, the rate of photosynthesis stays constant

Question 6

how does CO2 concentration affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 6

as the CO2 concentration increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis. however, as the CO2 concentration continues to increase, the rate of photosynthesis stays constant.

Question 7

how does temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 7

as the temperature increases, so does the rate of photosynthesis. however, at one point, the rate of photosynthesis reaches optimum temperature and it falls to zero.

Question 8

draw the structure of a leaf

Answer 8

cuticle, upper epidermis, palisade mesophyll, air space, spongey mesophyll, vascular bundle (xylem and phloem), lower epidermis, stoma, guard cells.

Question 9

what is a limiting factor?

Answer 9

a variable that affects the rate of reaction

Question 10

waxy cuticle function + specialisation

Answer 10

• to protect the leaf without blocking out light. it helps to prevent water loss
• tough and waterproof thin layer

Question 11

epidermis function and specialisation

Answer 11

• to allow more light to reach the palisade cells
• no organelles to allow as much sunlight through

Question 12

palisade mesophyll function and specialisation

Answer 12

• absorb light and where most photosynthesis occurs
• top layer and cells are packed in and lots of chlorophyll

Question 13

spongey mesophyll function and specialisation

Answer 13

• air spaces allow CO2 to diffuse through the leaf and increase surface area
• short distance for CO2 to diffuse into the leaf cells

Question 14

vascular bundle (xylem +phloem) function and specialisation

Answer 14

• to support the leaf and transport water and carbohydrates
• tough and hollow tubes

Question 15

stomata + guard cells function and specialisation

Answer 15

• allow CO2 to diffuse into the leaf and prevent water loss
• can be open and closed. At the bottom of the leaf to reduce evaporation of water

Question 16

magnesium ions function in plant growth?

Answer 16

it is needed to build chlorophyll for growth. if there is a deficiency, leaves turn yellow

Question 17

role of the phloem?

Answer 17

to transport sucrose and amino acids between the leaves and other parts of the plant.

Question 18

nitrate ions function in plant growth?

Answer 18

it’s needed to produce amino acids to build protein and DNA. if there’s a deficiency, leaves turn yellow and there is stunted growth

Question 19

role of the xylem?

Answer 19

to transport water and mineral ions from the root to other parts of the plant.

Question 20

what are waste products of metabolism in plants and where do they come from?

Answer 20

carbon dioxide and oxygen are released from the stomata