topic 9

Question 1

the lowest blood concentration of nitrogenous waste occurs in the

(a) hepatic vein
(b) inferior vena cava
(c) renal artery
(d) renal vein

Answer 1

(a) hepatic vein
(b) inferior vena cava
(c) renal artery
(d) renal vein+

Question 2

the glomerular capillaries differ from other capillary networks in the body because they

(a) have a larger area of anastomosis
(b) are derived from and drain into arterioles
(c) are not made of endothelium
(d) are sites of filtrate formation

Answer 2

(a) have a larger area of anastomosis
(b) are derived from and drain into arterioles+
(c) are not made of endothelium
(d) are sites of filtrate formation

Question 3

damage to the renal medulla would interfere first with functioning of the

(a) glomerular capsules
(b) distal convuluted tubules
(c) collecting ducts
(d) proximal convoluted tubules

Answer 3

(a) glomerular capsules
(b) distal convuluted tubules
(c) collecting ducts+
(d) proximal convoluted tubules

Question 4

which is reabsorbed by the proximal convoluted tubule cells?

(a) Na+
(b) K+
(c) amino acids
(d) all of the above

Answer 4

(a) Na+
(b) K+
(c) amino acids
(d) all of the above*

Question 5

glucose is not normally found in the urine because it

(a) does not pass through the walls of the glomerulus
(b) is kept in the blood by colloid osmotic pressure
(c) is reabsorbed by the tubule cells
(d) is removed by the body cells before the blood reaches the kidney

Answer 5

(a) does not pass through the walls of the glomerulus
(b) is kept in the blood by colloid osmotic pressure
(c) is reabsorbed by the tubule cells*
(d) is removed by the body cells before the blood reaches the kidney

Question 6

filtration at the glomerulus is inversely related to

(a) water reabsorption
(b) capsular hydrostatic pressure
(c) arterial blood pressure
(d) acidity of the urine

Answer 6

(a) water reabsorption
(b) capsular hydrostatic pressure*
(c) arterial blood pressure
(d) acidity of the urine

Question 7

tubular reabsorption

(a) of glucose and many other substances is a Tm-limited active transport process
(b) capsular hydrostatic pressure
(c) arterial blood pressure
(d) acidity of the urine

Answer 7

(a) of glucose and many other substances is a Tm-limited active transport process*
(b) capsular hydrostatic pressure
(c) arterial blood pressure
(d) acidity of the urine

Question 8

if a freshly voided urine sample contains excessive amounts of urochrome, it has

(a) an ammonis-like odor
(b) a pH below normal
(c) a dark yellow colour
(d) a pH above normal

Answer 8

(a) an ammonis-like odor
(b) a pH below normal
(c) a dark yellow colour*
(d) a pH above normal

Question 9

conditions such as diabetes mellitus and starvation are closely linked to

(a) ketonuria
(b) pyuria
(c) albuminuria
(d) hematuria

Answer 9

(a) ketonuria*
(b) pyuria
(c) albuminuria
(d) hematuria

Question 10

which of the following is/are true about ADH?

(a) it promotes obligatory water reabsorption
(b) it is secreted in response to an increase in extracellular fluid osmolality
(c) it cause insertion of aquaporins in the PCT
(d) it promotes Na+ reabsorption

Answer 10

(a) it promotes obligatory water reabsorption
(b) it is secreted in response to an increase in extracellular fluid osmolality*
(c) it cause insertion of aquaporins in the PCT
(d) it promotes Na+ reabsorption