Topic 3 Part B Flashcards
If the SA node is non-functional, which of the following is most likely to occur?
A) the heart will go into asystole ( stop)
B) tachycardia will develop
C) another portion of the heart will become the pacemaker
D) the heart will go into fibrillation
E) the heart will be desensitized
A) the heart will go into asystole ( stop)
B) tachycardia will develop
C) another portion of the heart will become the pacemaker*
D) the heart will go into fibrillation
E) the heart will be desensitized
Which of the following layers forms the bulk of the heart wall? a) epicardium B) pericardium C) endocardium D) myocardium E) visceral pericardium
a) epicardium B) pericardium C) endocardium D) myocardium * E) visceral pericardium
Which of the following phrases would apply to cardiac muscle cells.
a) are organised in parallel columns or bundles
b) contain actin but no myosin
c) develop a significant oxygen debt during systole
d) are multinucleated like skeletal muscle cells
E) possess special cell to cell contacts called intercalated discs
a) are organised in parallel columns or bundles
b) contain actin but no myosin
c) develop a significant oxygen debt during systole
d) are multinucleated like skeletal muscle cells
e) possess special cell to cell contacts called intercalated discs*
Cardiac muscle cells
a) have smooth ER but no T tubules
b) form the heart valves
c) are maintained by an extensive capillary network
d) develop a significant oxygen debt during systole
e) do not contain actin and myosin like skeletal muscle cells
a) have smooth ER but no T tubules
b) form the heart valves
c) are maintained by an extensive capillary network *
d) develop a significant oxygen debt during systole
e) do not contain actin and myosin like skeletal muscle cells
The volume of blood pumped during each cardiac cycle is the
a) stroke volume
b) cardiac output
c) cardiac reserve
d) end-systolic volume
e) end-diastolic volume
a) stroke volume *
b) cardiac output
c) cardiac reserve
d) end-systolic volume
e) end-diastolic volume
The pacemaker of the heart is the
a) right bundle branch
b) left bundle branch
c) AV node
d) SA node
e) PM node
a) right bundle branch
b) left bundle branch
c) AV node
d) SA node*
e) PM node
Blood in the superior vena cava will enter the ____.
a) aorta
b) right atrium
c) pulmonary trunk
d) pulmonary arteries
e) pulmonary veins
a) aorta
b) right atrium *
c) pulmonary trunk
d) pulmonary arteries
e) pulmonary veins
The product of the stroke volume times the heart rate is known as the a) end-diastolic volume
b) end- systolic volume
c) cardiac output
d) cardiac reserve
e) venous return
a) end-diastolic volume
b) end- systolic volume
c) cardiac output *
d) cardiac reserve
e) venous return
These vessels transport blood to the right and left lungs
a) aorta
b) right atrium
c) pulmonary trunk
d) pulmonary arteries
e) pulmonary veins
a) aorta
b) right atrium
c) pulmonary trunk
d) pulmonary arteries *
e) pulmonary veins
The period of time in which the myocardium is insensitive to further stimulation is called the
a) absolute refractory period
b) hyperpolarization period
c) AV period
d) SA period
e) ectopic focus
a) absolute refractory period *
b) hyperpolarization period
c) AV period
d) SA period
e) ectopic focus
The long refractory period observed in cardiac muscle
a) prolonged depolarization of the cardiac muscle
b) prevents tetanic contractions of the cardiac muscle
c) ensures that the heart has adequate time to contract
d) prevents the heart rate from slowing down
e) prevents an increase in heart rate
a) prolonged depolarization of the cardiac muscle
b) prevents tetanic contractions of the cardiac muscle *
c) ensures that the heart has adequate time to contract
d) prevents the heart rate from slowing down
e) prevents an increase in heart rate
Blood vessels enter and exit from the _____ of the heart
a) apex
b) base
c) auricles
d) trigone
e) inferior aspect
a) apex
b) base *
c) auricles
d) trigone
e) inferior aspect
Which of the following will increase the heart rate?
a) a rising in pH
b) an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood
c) an increase in the level of blood oxygen
d) an increase in blood pressure
e) a decrease in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood
a) a rising in pH
b) an increase in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood *
c) an increase in the level of blood oxygen
d) an increase in blood pressure
e) a decrease in the level of carbon dioxide in the blood
An incompetent mitral valve may cause blood to back up into the
a) aorta
b) left atrium
c) left ventricle
d) coronary circulation
e) right atrium
a) aorta
b) left atrium *
c) left ventricle
d) coronary circulation
e) right atrium
This blood vessel carries blood from the left ventricle
a) aorta
b) right atrium
c) pulmonary trunk
d) pulmonary arteries
e) pulmonary veins
a) aorta *
b) right atrium
c) pulmonary trunk
d) pulmonary arteries
e) pulmonary veins
The cardioregulatory center of the brain is located in the
a) hypothalamus
b) medulla oblongata
c) cerebellum
d) cerebrum
e) diencephalons
a) hypothalamus
b) medulla oblongata *
c) cerebellum
d) cerebrum
e) diencephalons
Contraction of the papillary muscle would
a) eject blood from the ventricles
b) prevent the AV valves from protruding into the atria
c) close the semilunar valves
d) cause the atria to eject their contents into the ventricles
e) open the semilunar valve
a) eject blood from the ventricles
b) prevent the AV valves from protruding into the atria *
c) close the semilunar valves
d) cause the atria to eject their contents into the ventricles
e) open the semilunar valve
Ventricular contraction begins at the
a) AV bundle
b) apex of the heart
c) base of the heart
d) superior portion of that intraventricular septum
e) top of the ventricles
a) AV bundle
b) apex of the heart *
c) base of the heart
d) superior portion of that intraventricular septum
e) top of the ventricles
If the cardiac muscle cells are unable to repolarize, this would cause
a) cardiac output to increase
b) no harm. These cells can spontaneously depolarize anyway
c) the heart rate to decrease. it might cause cardiac arrest
d) an increased demand on mitochondria to produce more ATP
e) tachycardia
a) cardiac output to increase
b) no harm. These cells can spontaneously depolarize anyway
c) the heart rate to decrease. it might cause cardiac arrest *
d) an increased demand on mitochondria to produce more ATP
e) tachycardia
Blood in the pulmonary vein returns to the
a) right atrium
b) left atrium
c) right ventricle
d) left ventricle
e) coronary sinus
a) right atrium
b) left atrium *
c) right ventricle
d) left ventricle
e) coronary sinus
Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the
a) right atrium
b) right ventricle
c) left atrium
d) left ventricle
e) conus arteriosus
a) right atrium *
b) right ventricle
c) left atrium
d) left ventricle
e) conus arteriosus
Chemoreceptors sensitive to blood carbon dioxide levels are primarily located in the
a) renal arteries
b) carotid arteries
c) right atrium
d) left ventricle
e) jugular veins
a) renal arteries
b) carotid arteries *
c) right atrium
d) left ventricle
e) jugular veins
An incompetent pulmonary semilunar valve could result in less blood reaching the
a) lungs
b) heart muscle
c) right ventricle
d) aorta
e) right atrium
a) lungs *
b) heart muscle
c) right ventricle
d) aorta
e) right atrium
The AV valve that is located on the same side of the heart as the origin of the aorta is the
a) bicuspid or mitral valve
b) tricuspid valve
c) aortic semilunar valve
d) pulmonary semilunar valve
e) coronary sinus valve
a) bicuspid or mitral valve *
b) tricuspid valve
c) aortic semilunar valve
d) pulmonary semilunar valve
e) coronary sinus valve