topic 1 Flashcards by Elizabeth Marshall

Fresh whole blood for testing in a laboratory is usually collect from?
A) the heart
B) a superficial artery
C) a superficial vein
D) a capillary
E) an arteriole

A. The heart 
B. A superficial artery
C. A superficial vein*
D. A capillary 
E. An arteriole

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Plasma proteins that are important in body defence are the?
A) albumins
B) fibrinogen
C) immunoglobulins
D) metalloproteins
E) lipoproteins

A) albumins
B) fibrinogens
C) immunoglobulins*
D) metalloproteins 
E) lipoproteins

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The waste product bilirubin is produced from?
A) globin chains of haemoglobin
B) portions of haeme molecules that contain iron
C) portions of haeme that do not contain iron
D) iron found in haemoglobin molecules
E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells

A) globin chains of haemoglobin
B) portions of haeme molecules that contain iron
C) portions of haeme that do not contain iron*
D) iron found in haemoglobin molecules
E) abnormal proteins found in red blood cells

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Plasm proteins that are necessary for blood clotting are the?
A) albumins
B) fibrinogens
C) immunoglobulins
D) metalloproteins 
E) lipoproteins

A) albumins
B) fibrinogens*
C) immunoglobulins
D) metalloproteins 
E) lipoproteins

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When checking the efficiency of gas exchange, it may be necessary to draw a blood sample from?
A) the heart
B) the lungs
C) an artery
D) a vein
E) capillaries

A) the heart
B) the lungs
C) an artery*
D) a vein
E) capillaries

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Red blood cell production is regulated by the hormone?
A) thymosin
B) angiotensin 1
C) erythropoietin 
D) M-CSF
E) cobalamin

A) thymosin
B) angiotensin 1
C) erythropoietin *
D) M-CSF
E) cobalamin

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The main event of the platelet phase is?
A) vascular spasm
B) activation of fibrinogen
C) clot retraction
D) formation of a platelet plug
E) contraction of platelets

A) vascular spasm
B) activation of fibrinogen
C) clot retraction
D) formation of a platelet plug*
E) contraction of platelets

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What is the name of immature erythrocytes that are sometimes found in peripheral blood samples?
A) erythrocytes 
B) normoblasts
C) myeloblasts
D) band cells
E) reticulocytes

A) erythrocytes 
B) normoblasts
C) myeloblasts
D) band cells
E) reticulocytes*

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Most of the iron that is removed from degraded haemoglobin is?
A) excreted by the kidneys
B) excreted by the liver
C) excreted by the intestines 
D) recycled to the bone marrow
E) stored in yellow bone marrow

A) excreted by the kidneys
B) excreted by the liver
C) excreted by the intestines 
D) recycled to the bone marrow*
E) stored in yellow bone marrow

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The most abundant blood cells in the body are?
A) RBCs
B) plasma
C) WBCs
D) leukocytes
E) none of the above

A) RBCs*
B) plasma
C) WBCs
D) leukocytes
E) none of the above

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The total volume of blood in the body of a 70kg man is approximately \_\_\_\_\_ litres?
A)  less than 2
B) 25-30
C) 5-6
D) 10-15
E) 2-4

A)  less than 2
B) 25-30
C) 5-6*
D) 10-15
E) 2-4

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White blood cells that release histamine at the site of an injury are?
A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils
C) basophils 
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils
C) basophils *
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

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White blood cells that increase in number during an allergic reaction or in response to a parasitic infections are the?
A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils 
C) basophils 
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils *
C) basophils 
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

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Functions of the blood include all of the following except
A) transport of nutrients and wastes
B) generation of body heat
C) restricting fluid loss
D) body defence
E) regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluid

A) transport of nutrients and wastes
B) generation of body heat *
C) restricting fluid loss 
D) body defence
E) regulation of pH and electrolyte concentration of interstitial fluid

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Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by the?
A) spleen
B) thymus gland
C) kidneys
D) digestive tract
E) both A and C

A) spleen*
B) thymus gland
C) kidneys
D) digestive tract
E) both A and C

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The function of red blood cells is to
A) remove carbon dioxide from active cells
B) remove nitrogenous wastes from active tissues
C) defend the body against infectious organisms
D) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells
E) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body’s cells

A) remove carbon dioxide from active cells
B) remove nitrogenous wastes from active tissues
C) defend the body against infectious organisms
D) carry oxygen from the lungs to the body’s cells*
E) carry nutrients from the digestive system to the body’s cells

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All of the following are true neutrophils, except that they are
A) granular leukocytes
B) phagocytic
C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes
D) important in coagulation
E) active in fighting bacterial infections

A) granular leukocytes
B) phagocytic
C) also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes
D) important in coagulation*
E) active in fighting bacterial infections

Platelets function in all of the following, except
A) dissolving a formed clot
B) forming temporary patches in injured areas
C) contraction after clotting formation
D) initiating the clotting process
E) transporting chemicals important for clotting

A) dissolving a formed clot*
B) forming temporary patches in injured areas
C) contraction after clotting formation
D) initiating the clotting process
E) transporting chemicals important for clotting

The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are
A) globulins
B) transport proteins
C) albumins
D) lipoproteins 
E) fibrinogens

A) globulins
B) transport proteins
C) albumins*
D) lipoproteins 
E) fibrinogens

What are the large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as macrophages?
A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils
C) basophils 
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes

A) neutrophils
B) eosinophils
C) basophils 
D) lymphocytes
E) monocytes*

An anaemia that is caused by failure of the bone marrow to produce new red blood cells is called \_\_\_\_\_\_\_ anaemia
A) pernicious
B) dietary
C) hemorrhagic 
D) aplastic
E) sickle cell

A) pernicious 
B) dietary
C) hemorrhagic 
D) aplastic*
E) sickle cell

Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a
A) temperature approximately 38 degrees Celcius
B) viscosity about the same as water
C) pH of 7.4
D) bright red colour if taken from an artery
E) dull red colour if taken from vein

A) temperature approximately 38 degrees Celcius
B) viscosity about the same as water*
C) pH of 7.4
D) bright red colour if taken from an artery
E) dull red colour if taken from vein

Stem cells responsible for the process of lymphopoiesis are located in all of the following, except
A) the spleen
B) the kidney
C) the lymph nodes
D) the red bone marrow
E) the thymus

A) the spleen
B) the kidney*
C) the lymph nodes
D) the red bone marrow
E) the thymus

A person who has a low blood volume is said to be
A) hypovolaemic
B) hypervolaemic
C) normovolaemic
D) isovolaemic
E) antivolaemic

A) hypovolaemic*
B) hypervolaemic
C) normovolaemic
D) isovolaemic
E) antivolaemic

Platelets are A) large cells that lack a nucleus B) small cells that lack a nucleus C) large cells with a prominent, indented nucleus D) small cells with a many-shaped nucleus E) fragments of a megakaryocyte cells

A) large cells that lack a nucleus B) small cells that lack a nucleus C) large cells with a prominent, indented nucleus D) small cells with a many-shaped nucleus E) fragments of a megakaryocyte cells*

``` A condition in which the haematocrit is elevated and the blood volume is normal would be? A) polycythemia B) leukocytosis C) thrombocytes D) anaemia E) leukaemia ```

``` A) polycythemia* B) leukocytosis C) thrombocytes D) anaemia E) leukaemia ```

``` The formed elements of blood include A) blood cells B) clotting proteins C) defence proteins D) lipoproteins E) albumins ```

``` A) blood cells* B) clotting proteins C) defence proteins D) lipoproteins E) albumins ```

``` Red blood cells are formed in A) the liver B) the spleen C) red bone marrow D) yellow bone marrow E) lymph nodes ```

``` A) the liver B) the spleen C) red bone marrow* D) yellow bone marrow E) lymph nodes ```

``` A red blood cell contains normal amounts of haemoglobin would be called? A) hyperchromic B) normochromic C) hypochromic D) normocytic E) macrocytic ```

``` A) hyperchromic B) normochromic* C) hypochromic D) normocytic E) macrocytic ```

``` Platelets are formed from cells in the bone marrow called A) erythroblasts B) normoblasts C) megakaryocytes D) myeloblasts E) lymphoblasts ```

``` A) erythroblasts B) normoblasts C) megakaryocytes * D) myeloblasts E) lymphoblasts ```

``` In adults, erythropoiesis primarily takes place in? A) the liver B) yellow bone marrow C) red bone marrow D) the spleen E) the kidneys ```

``` A) the liver B) yellow bone marrow C) red bone marrow* D) the spleen E) the kidneys ```

``` Blood is composed of all of the following, except A) plasma B) formed elements C) blood cells D) cell fragments E) interstitial fluid ```

``` A) plasma B) formed elements C) blood cells D) cell fragments E) interstitial fluid* ```

``` As a result of breaking down large amounts of RBCs, your skin may appear which colour? A) tan B) pink C) yellow D) red E) none of the above ```

``` A) tan B) pink C) yellow* D) red E) none of the above ```

``` Stem cells responsible for the production of most white blood cells originate in the? A) liver B) thymus C) spleen D) red bone marrow E) lymph tissue ```

``` A) liver B) thymus C) spleen D) red bone marrow* E) lymph tissue ```

``` The process of red blood cell production is called? A) erythrocytosis B) erythropaenia C) hemocytosis D) erythropoiesis E) haematopaenia ```

``` A) erythrocytosis B) erythropaenia C) hemocytosis D) erythropoiesis* E) haematopaenia ```

``` Agranular leukocytes are formed in A) the liver B) the spleen C) the thymus D) red bone marrow E) yellow bone marrow ```

``` A) the liver B) the spleen C) the thymus D) red bone marrow* E) yellow bone marrow ```

``` The combination of plasma and formed blood is called? A) serum B) lymph C) whole blood D) extracellular fluid E) packed blood ```

``` A) serum B) lymph C) whole blood* D) extracellular fluid E) packed blood ```

Which of the following statements concerning red blood cells is false? A) red cells are biconcave discs B) red cells lack mitochondria C) red cells have large nucleus D) red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen E) red cells can form stacks called rouleaux

A) red cells are biconcave discs B) red cells lack mitochondria C) red cells have large nucleus* D) red cells are specialized for carrying oxygen E) red cells can form stacks called rouleaux

``` The function of haemoglobin is to? A) carry oxygen B) protect the body against infectious agents C) aid in the process of blood clotting D) both A and C ```

A) carry oxygen* B) protect the body against infectious agents C) aid in the process of blood clotting D) both A and C

Erythropoiesis increases when? A) oxygen levels in the blood increase B) oxygen levels in the blood decrease C) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase D) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease E) protein levels in the blood increase

A) oxygen levels in the blood increase B) oxygen levels in the blood decrease* C) carbon dioxide levels in the blood increase D) carbon dioxide levels in the blood decrease E) protein levels in the blood increase