Topic 5 Flashcards
cutting the phrenic nerves will result in
(a) air entering the pleural cavity
(b) paralysis of the diaphragm
(c) stimulation of the diaphragmatic reflex
(d) paralysis of the epiglottis
(a) air entering the pleural cavity
(b) paralysis of the diaphragm*
(c) stimulation of the diaphragmatic reflex
(d) paralysis of the epiglottis
which of the following laryngeal cartilages is/are not paired?
(a) epiglottis
(b) arytenoid
(c) cricoid
(d) cuneiform
(e) corniculate
(a) epiglottis*
(b) arytenoid
(c) cricoid
(d) cuneiform*
(e) corniculate
under ordinary circumstances, the inflation reflex is initiated by
(a) noxious chemicals
(b) the ventral respiratory group
(c) overinflation of the alveoli and bronchioles
(d) the pontine respiratory centers
(a) noxious chemicals
(b) the ventral respiratory group
(c) overinflation of the alveoli and bronchioles*
(d) the pontine respiratory centers
the detergent like substance that keeps the alveoli from collapsing between breaths because it reduces the surface tension of the water film in the alveoli is called
(a) lecithin
(b) bile
(c) surfactant
(d) reluctant
(a) lecithin
(b) bile
(c) surfactant*
(d) reluctant
which of the following determines the direction of gas movement?
(a) solubility in water
(b) partial pressure gradient
(c) temperature
(d) molecular weight and size of the gas molecule
(a) solubility in water
(b) partial pressure gradient*
(c) temperature
(d) molecular weight and size of the gas molecule
when the inspiratory muscles contract
(a) the size of the thoracic cavity increases in diameter
(b) the size of the thoracic cavity increases in length
(c) the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases
(d) the size of the thoracic cavity increases in both length and diameter
(a) the size of the thoracic cavity increases in diameter
(b) the size of the thoracic cavity increases in length
(c) the volume of the thoracic cavity decreases
(d) the size of the thoracic cavity increases in both length and diameter*
the nutrient blood supply of the lungs is provided by
(a) the pulmonary arteries
(b) the aorta
(c) the pulmonary veins
(d) the bronchial arteries
(a) the pulmonary arteries
(b) the aorta
(c) the pulmonary veins
(d) the bronchial arteries*
oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged in the lungs and through all cell membranes by
(a) active transport
(b) diffusion
(c) filtration
(d) osmosis
(a) active transport
(b) diffusion*
(c) filtration
(d) osmosis
which of the following would not normally be treated by 100% oxygen therapy? (choose all that apply)
(a) anoxia
(b) carbon monoxide poisoning
(c) respiratory crisis in an emphysema patient
(d) eupnea
(a) anoxia
(b) carbon monoxide poisoning
(c) respiratory crisis in an emphysema patient*
(d) eupnea*
most oxygen carried in the blood is
(a) in solution in plasma
(b) combined with plasma proteins
(c) chemically combined with heme in red blood cells
(d) in solution in the red blood cells
(a) in solution in plasma
(b) combined with plasma proteins
(c) chemically combined with heme in red blood cells*
(d) in solution in the red blood cells
which of the following has the greatest stimulating effect on the respiratory centers in the brain?
(a) oxygen
(b) carbon dioxide
(c) calcium
(d) willpower
(a) oxygen
(b) carbon dioxide*
(c) calcium
(d) willpower
a baby holding it’s breath will
(a) have brain cells damaged because of low blood oxygen levels
(b) automatically start to breath again when carbon dioxide levels in the blood reach a high enough value
(c) suffer heart damage because of increased pressure in the cartoid sinus and aortic arch areas
(d) be called a blue baby
(a) have brain cells damaged because of low blood oxygen levels
(b) automatically start to breath again when carbon dioxide levels in the blood reach a high enough value*
(c) suffer heart damage because of increased pressure in the cartoid sinus and aortic arch areas
(d) be called a blue baby
under ordinary circumstances, which of the following blood components is of no physiological significance?
(a) bicarbonate ions
(b) carbaminohemoglobin
(c) nitrogen
(d) chloride
(a) bicarbonate ions
(b) carbaminohemoglobin
(c) nitrogen*
(d) chloride
damage to which of the following would most likely result in cessation of breathing?
(a) the potine respiratory group
(b) the ventral respiratory group of the medulla
(c) the stretch receptors in the lungs
(d) the dorsal respiratory group of the medulla
(a) the potine respiratory group
(b) the ventral respiratory group of the medulla*
(c) the stretch receptors in the lungs
(d) the dorsal respiratory group of the medulla
the bulk of carbon dioxide is carried
(a) chemically combined with amino acids of hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin in the red blood cells
(b) as the ion HCO3- in the plasma after first entering the red blood cells
(c) as carbonic acid in the plasma
(d) chemically combined with the heme portion of Hb
(a) chemically combined with amino acids of hemoglobin as carbaminohemoglobin in the red blood cells
(b) as the ion HCO3- in the plasma after first entering the red blood cells*
(c) as carbonic acid in the plasma
(d) chemically combined with the heme portion of Hb
