Topic #9 & 10 Study Guide Flashcards
Why did the British impress American sailors?
They needed to replace the British sailors who left during the war and it stopped America from trading with France.
What did the Monroe Doctrine state and who was it written by?
The Monroe Doctrine stated that the North and South American colonies are independent and it was written or proposed by John Quincy Adams
What were the three things Washington warned against in his farewell address?
Splitting up into parties, having conflicts with other countries, and spending more than the country can pay off ( going into debt). However the U.S. ignored all three things so his farewell address wasn’t very significant.
Who created the Alien and Sedition Acts? What did it do?
It was created by John Adams and it restricted immigration and free speech. He created them to prevent pro-French immigrants from coming to the U.S. and creating an opposition against the government.
How did the Haitian Revolution lead to the Louisiana Purchase?
The colony had just won their independence against the French so the colony could no longer be used for profit. At the time France was at war with Britain and knew that the colony would be taken over by the British so Napoleon decided to hand over the colony to the US for 15 million. The purchase doubled the size of the US
How did the Midnight Appointments lead to the Marbury v Madison Case?
John Adams had written multiple last minute commissions and they needed to be given to the people in order for them to get the job. One of the people who hadn’t received the commission was Marbury.
How did the Marbuy v Madison Case lead to Judicial Review?
The judge didn’t want to get on Jefferson’s bad side so instead he cleverly said that the supreme court is meant to be an appellate court and that Marbury needed to go to a lower court first.
How did the results of the Election of 1800 lead to the Midnight Appointments?
Thomas Jefferson was a member of Adam’s opposing party, the Democratic Republicans, so to influence the decisions made by the government he wrote up a bunch of last minute commissions to people from his party.
Why was Jefferson’s Embargo Act of 1807 a failure?
Jefferson wanted to show that France and Britain needed the US for trade and cut off trade to all countries. This backfired because instead many sailors and merchants lost their jobs which affected the economy.
What did the 20th amendment change about inauguration?
It changed the date the president takes office from March 4 to January 20
What was the Election of 1800 and how did it’s results lead to the Midnight Appointments?
It was an election between Jefferson and burr, but the votes ended in a tie so it went to the House of Representatives. It wasn’t until Hamilton convinced some people to vote for Jefferson did anyone win. Jefferson won but he was a member of the Democratic-Republican party which was Adam’s opposing party. So to influence government decisions Adam issued last minute commissions.
How did the right for states to nullify laws come about?
Jefferson and Madison wrote a set of resolutions opposing the Alien Sedition Acts which argued the Constitution was violated by passing those Acts. The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions had stated that states had the right to judge whether the federal government was properly using their powers.
What were the results of the War of 1812?
Neither the British nor Americans won. However, British respected the US a bit more as an independent country.
What president refused to pay tribute to the Barbary Pirates?
Thomas Jefferson refused to pay tribute and instead ordered the Navy and Marines to blockade Tripoli off so Tripoli agreed to a peace treaty with the US.
What were the 3 reasons James Madison declared ware against Britain?
Britain was impressing America sailors, they didn’t leave the territory that was promised to the US, and they messed with American Ships. Also they gave the Indigenous people weapons.
How did Hamilton and Washington convince southern states to support Hamilton’s financial plan for the new United States
They convinced southern states to support Hamilton’s financial plan by setting up the capital of the US in the southern states. The capital was put in a diamond shaped piece of land.
What are the most important achievements throughout the presidencies of Washington, Adams, Jefferson and Madison?
The establishment of the presidency, Judicial review, the Navy, Louisiana Purchase, Lewis and Clark, refusing to pay tribute to Tripoli, nullification, National Bank, Washington D.C., James Madison 1st to go to war.
What was Jacksonian Democracy?
The period from 1828-1860 when democratic ideas and reforms promoted greater participation in government among the common people.
What led to the Nullification Crisis?
A Tariff passed by the government in 1828 caused an issue because the southern states disliked the law. It was intended to encourage the growth of manufacturing but it angered many states and South Carolina even threatened to secede. John C. Calhoun was South Carolina’s leader and the vice president at the time.
What was the Trail of Tears?
The removal of the Cherokee from Georgia to the Indian Territory(Oklahoma), in 1838 and 1839.
What did Andrew Jackson have in common with the previous presidents?
All of them had prior experience in government.
What requirement to vote was removed in 1828?
The property requirement so common white people could now vote, which helped Andrew Jackson win 1828 election.
How was the 1828 election different from the 1824 election?
In the 1824 election there were 4 candidates: John Quincy Adam’s, Andrew Jackson, Henry Clay, and Crawford. The election went to the house but Clay convinced his supporters to vote for Quincy Adam’s. However in the 1828 election there were only two candidates, Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adam’s. John Quincy Adam’s wasn’t very popular during his presidency so Andrew Jackson won.
What were the results of the Georgia V. Cherokee Nation Case?
The court ruled that national law can’t prevent the removal of the Cherokee.
What were the results of the Worcester V. Georgia case?
Worcester was a missionary living with the indigenous and defended the Cherokee. The Supreme Court changed their decision and ruled that Georgia didn’t have sovereignty over Cherokee land. Jackson ignored the Supreme Court decision and tried to remove them anyway.
How did the Worcester decision lead to the Seminole Tribe’s casino monopoly?
To repay the Seminole Tribe, Florida gave land to the Native Americans. Casino gambling isn’t allowed in Florida but indigenous lands don’t count as Florida so casinos could be established there by the Seminole tribe. They were able to profit from those addicted to gambling.
What was the timeline of the Nullification Crisis?
1828: Congress passed a law raising tariffs which led to a division between the northern and southern states. The south was worried about cotton sales so John C. Calhoun ruled the tariff null and void.
1832: Jackson lowered the tariff in repose to the concerns of the south, but they weren’t satisfied. John C. Calhoun stated they had the right to reject both the 1828 and 1832 tariff. Jackson then passed the Force Bill which allows him to send the federal army. However Henry clay brokered a deal to further lower the tariff which made the south reluctantly back down.
What are the pros and cons of the fight against the Bank of the United States?
The pros are it increased Jackson’s popularity. The cons were it caused an economic depression and worsened the panic of 1837. Many banks failed, people lost jobs, and land values decreased.
