Q2 Exam Study Guide Flashcards
What was the Tea Act? What did it lead to?
It was a law passed by Parliament allowing the British East India Company to sell its low-cost tea directly to the thirteen colonies, undermining colonial tea merchants; this led to the Boston Tea Party, and that action led to the British passing the Intolerable Acts.
What was the Quartering Act?
It ordered colonial assemblies to provide British troops sent to enforce laws with housing and food.
Why was the Stamp Act passed?
To raise money to pay for the debt of the French and Indian War.
What did the Stamp act do?
Required colonists to pay for an official stamp whenever they bought things made of paper; colonists opposed it, held boycotts to not but the products and argued “ No taxation without representation.”
What was the Boston Massacre and when did it occur?
It happened in March of 1770, a large group of angry colonists confronted British soldiers, someone starting shooting and five colonists were killed including Crispus Attucks.
What was the Boston Massacre turned into?
Propaganda to stir up anti-British sentiment.
Describe the battle of Trenton.
Washington planned a successful surprise attack on Christmas Day at Trenton across the DELAWARE River.
What was the battle of Princeton?
A battle after Trenton, Washington successfully took over Princeton.
What were the effects of the battle of Trenton and Princeton?
Both boosted morale of American forces.
What was the significance of the battle of Saratoga?
General Burgoyne surrendered leading to an alliance with the French.
Battle of Yorktown: It was the ______ major battle of the Revolutionary War. The Americans and French surrounded Cornwallis and British troops, and he ____________, which caused Parliament to ___ the War.
Last, surrendered, end
What was gained from the Treaty of Paris of 1783, and how did our independence affect the rest of the world?
The British recognized American independence. Our national borders were set to Canada to the north. As far as Florida to the South. The Mississippi to the west and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. It also influenced revolutions in Europe and Latin America.
What are the four principles of government?
- All men are created equal
- inalienable rights
- power comes from the people and can be overthrown if it becomes abusive
- the government should protect the people’s rights
What were Loyalists and Patriots?
Loyalists were people who remained loyal to the British King, fought in militias alongside the British Army and at the end of the War left for England or Canada. Patriots who believed in fighting for US independence, and risked everything if they lost.
What were federalists?
Federalists were those in favor of a stronger central government, including Alexander Hamilton and James Madison and John Jay. The Federalists supported the ratification of the new Constitution and the three wrote a series of essays called the Federalist Papers. The pointed out that the delegates had designed powers for each of the three branches over another, called checks and balances, to prevent one branch from becoming too powerful.
Who were Antifederalists?
Antifederalists were people who opposed ratification of the Constitution.
Who led the Antifederalists? What did they believe?
Richard Henry Lee, Samuel Adams, and Patrick Henry. They believed the Constitution made the central government too powerful, and they demanded a Bill of Rights should be added to it.
What was the first law we got from the Articles of Confederation?
Land Ordinance of 1785, which divided the land into six-mile squares called townships. One section of each township was set aside for public schools and the others were sold.
What was the second law we got from the Articles of Confederation?
Northwest Ordinance of 1787, which divided the Northwest Territory into smaller territories, each governed by territorial governors. You would need 5,000 citizens to have your own legislature and 60,000 to apply to become a state.
What was the Constitutional Convention?
Led by George Washington, 12 of the 13 states sent delegates to change the Articles of Confederation (they ended up scrapping it and starting from scratch). Rhode Island didn’t send delegates because they believed the articles of confederation did the job.
