Topic 8 - Exchange And Transport In Animals Flashcards
What’s the aorta ?
The main artery in your body
What does bypass surgery do?
How does it work?
-gives the blood another route to travel through
- adds a vein over the blockage of the coronary artery
What’s a stent ?
Scaffolding that stops a weakened artery from collapsing
What circulation is a mammals heart?
What does this mean ?
Double circulatory - blood passes through your heart twice on each lap of the body
What chamber of the heart is bigger , stronger and why?
-Left chamber is bigger and stronger than the right chamber as its fighting gravity
Also the aorta has to pump blood to the whole body unlike the pulmonary artery which only has to pump to the lungs. So the left side needs to generate more pressure
Route of blood in a double circulatory system ( two points)
1)In first circuit , heart pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs to take in oxygen. oxygenated blood then returns to heart
2) in second circuit, heart pumps oxygenated blood around all organs of the body to deliver oxygen to cells. Deoxygenated blood then returns to heart
Advantage of a double circulatory system?
Blood is pumped at a higher pressure and therefore circulates the body faster than in a single circulatory system
What type of circulatory system to fish have ?
Single circulatory system
What do valves do?
What are the 2 valves and what side of the heart is each one on
-Prevent the back flood of blood .
- triscupid ( right )
-biscuoid ( left )
What do veins do ? Exception …
Veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
Exception = pulmonary vein
What did arteries do ? Exception..
Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
Exception = pulmonary artery
Pathway of blood through the heart …
-deoxygenated blood enters right atrium through vena cava
- deoxygenated blood passes through triscupid valve into right ventricle
- this is pumped to the lungs via the pulmonary artery
-left atrium receives oxygenated blood via the pulmonary vein
- oxyganted blood passes through the biscupid valve into the left ventricle
-finally oxygenated blood exits the heart via the aorta and is pumped around the whole body
Why do arteries have muscles ?
To resist pressure and ensure they don’t collapse
When was the first successful heart transplant and by who?
-1967
- Christian Bernard