Topic 8 - Circoviral disease of swine (PMWS, PDNS).

Question 1

Which family does the circovirus belong?

Answer 1

Circoviridae family

Question 2

Shape and size of circoviridae

Answer 2

Size: 17-25 nm
Shape: icosahedral

Question 3

Is the circovirus restistant or not?

Answer 3

VERY resistant, months in the environment

Question 4

DNA of the circovirus:

Answer 4

Single stranded, circular.
The nucleic acid is infective making the inactivation difficult.

Question 5

How is the replication of the circovirus?

Answer 5

Using cellular polymerase enzyme, in rapid dividing cells

Question 6

What is the name of the circovirus in pigs, and how many types is there?

Answer 6

Porcine circovirus - PCV

4 types: PCV1, PCV2, PCV3, PCV4

Question 7

PCV1:

Answer 7

Non-pathogenic

Question 8

PCV2:

Answer 8

Responsible for PCV associated diseases (PCVD) or is in the
background of those

Question 9

PCV3:

Answer 9

Its role in clinical diseases is currently unclear

Question 10

PCV4:

Answer 10

Similar to mink circovirus

Question 11

Which of the PCV types is the one that is most associated with the PCV?

Answer 11

PCV2

Question 12

What is the PCV2 causative agent of?

Answer 12

• PMWS
• PDNS
• PRDC

Question 13

What is PMWS?

Answer 13

Post Weaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome

Question 14

What is PDNS?

Answer 14

Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathia Syndrome

Question 15

What is PRDC?

Answer 15

Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex

Question 16

Answer 16

Question 17

Which other disease is caused by PCV2?

Answer 17

1. Enteritis
2. Epidermitis
3. Congenital tremor

Question 18

Facts about PCV2:

Answer 18

1. Immunosupressive
2. Endemic
3. The pathogen changed genetically, antigenetically, this change is continuous

Question 19

Which species is infected by PCV2?

Answer 19

Domestic pigs

Question 20

Which species is a reservoir for PCV2?

Answer 20

Wild boars and rodents

Question 21

Clinical signs of PMWS:

Answer 21

1. Progressive weight loss
2. Jaundice
3. Rough hair
4. Symptoms of co-infections
5. fever
6. lethargy
7. respiratory signs
8. nervous signs

Question 22

Which organs are especially important as a pathological search of PMWS?

Answer 22

1. Lymphnodes
2. lungs
3. Thymus
4. Heart

Question 23

Pathological signs in lymph nodes in case of PMWS:

Answer 23

1. Enlarged
2. Haemorrhages

Question 24

Pathological signs in lung in case of PMWS:

Answer 24

oedema, pneumonia

Question 25

Pathological signs in heart in case of PMWS:

Answer 25

1. Flaccid myocardium 2. ascites

Question 26

histopathological changes in case of PMWS:

Answer 26

Lymphocyte depletion Lymph node necrosis syntitium

Question 27

type of hypersensitivity of PDNS:

Answer 27

Type III

Question 28

Symptoms of PDNS:

Answer 28

1. Weight loss 2. Multifocal, circular, red skin lesions 3. Haemorrhages, oedema 4. Fever lethargy, anorexia 5. Ataxia

Question 29

Differential diagnosis of PDNS:

Answer 29

Classical swine fever and african swine fever!!

Question 30

Histopathologcal signs of PDNS:

Answer 30

Exudative gomerulonephritis

Question 31

Pathological signs of PDNS:

Answer 31

1. Enlarged brown-grayish kidney, with haemorrhages 2. Grayish necrotic areas and haemorrhages under the kidney capsula 3. Enlarged lymph nodes with haemorrhages 4. Haemorrhages in skin, oedema

Question 32

Where can PCV2 be detected in a foetus and what is the main target?

Answer 32

in fetal myocardium, liver cells and macrophages main target of the virus in the fetus is heart muscle cells

Question 33

Pathological signs in a foetus that will indicate PCV2:

Answer 33

1. Abortus towards the end of pregnancy 2. Dead pigs born with enlarged heart

Question 34

Which age will be targeted in case of Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex?

Answer 34

16-22 weeks of age

Question 35

Are there other agents, then PCV2, involved in case of Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex? If so, name a few:

Answer 35

Yes – PRRSV – Swine influenza virus – Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae – Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae – Pasteurella multocida

Question 36

How would you diagnose a pig with Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex?

Answer 36

1. Antibiotic resistant respiratory diseasea 2. Histological lesions in lungs 3. PCV2 detected in lesions

Question 37

vaccine of PCV2

Answer 37

2 types: Inactivated, complete virus and recombinant vaccines NO live vaccine Both sow and piglet vaccine

Question 38

Sow vaccine for PCV2:

Answer 38

Protects from: - Reproductive problems - enough protection for piglet in critical age - decrease virus load in colostrum NO immediate effect

Question 39

Piglet vaccine for PCV2:

Answer 39

Post weaning protection