Topic 8

Question 1

Ozone

Answer 1

A colourless unstable toxic gas

Question 2

What does the Ozone layer do

Answer 2

Protects us by filtering out harmful UV rays

Question 3

Ozone Depletion

Answer 3

Recent phenomenon

Question 4

What happens as the ozone becomes more depleted

Answer 4

More incoming UV rays will enter earth

Question 5

What can extended exposure to UV Rays cause

Answer 5

Skin Cancer
Cataracts

Question 6

Who is at risk of devloping skin cancer

Answer 6

Someone who lives in a warm country
Works outside

Question 7

What country has the lowest rate of skin cancer

Answer 7

Gambia
0.10/100,000 people have skin cancer
Mainly people of a black ethnicity

Question 7

What country has the highest rate of skin cancer

Answer 7

Australia
300/100,000 people have skin cancer
Warm country
Exposed to UV rays

Question 8

Why does Australia have high rates

Answer 8

Predom white people - 20 million European Australians
Tropical Latitude
High level UVR
Cultural emphasis on outdoor activities

Question 8

How many australians will be diagnosed with skin cancer by the age of 70

Answer 8

2/3

Question 9

How many australians die of skin cancer every year

Answer 9

2,000

Question 10

How much more likely is a person to devlop skin cancer than any other form of cancer in Australia

Answer 10

4 x

Question 11

How much does skin cancer cost the Australian healthcare

Answer 11

AUS $ 1.7 BILLION

Question 12

Form of adaptation to reduce risk of skin cancer

Answer 12

Wear a hat as part of a school uniform
Make sure to take breaks in the shade
Wear sunscreen
Cover parts of your skin
‘SLIP, SLAP, SLOP CAMPAIGN’

Question 13

What will happen to skin cancer in 2060 globally

Answer 13

Rates of skin cancer will increase and more cases will appear globally

Question 14

When were CFCs banned and phased out

Answer 14

Banned - 1987
Phased Out - 2010

Question 15

Since its peak in 2000 what has happened to the ozone hole

Answer 15

It has got smaller

Question 16

Why will skin cancer cases increase from 2020-2060

Answer 16

Older people more likely to develop skin cancer as it develops over time

Question 16

What are the lading causes of global blindness caused by

Answer 16

Cigarettes
Diabetes
Exposure to UV Radiation
Smoke from burning fuelwood

Question 17

What are cataracts

Answer 17

Form of eye damage - a loss in transparceny in the lens of the eye - can lead to cloudy vision

Question 18

Positive impacts of climate change on health

Answer 18

Fewer winter deaths in temperate climates

Question 19

Who are cataracts most common in

Answer 19

Older people

Question 20

Where are the blindness rates highest and lowest

Answer 20

Highest in LIC
Lowest in HIC

Surgery rates opposite to this

Question 21

What can happen to cataracts if left untreated

Answer 21

Cause Blindess

Question 22

How many people turn blind due to cataracts

Answer 22

15 million people worldwide

20% of this is due to UV raditaion

Question 23

Where do cataracts most affect people

Answer 23

Africa, Middle East, South America

Question 24

Where is UV radiation the highest

Answer 24

In the tropics
At bigher altitudes

Question 25

Prevent cataracts

Answer 25

Wear good quality sunglasses - expensive

Treatement - remove the cloudy lens replaced with a clear plastic lens implant. Have to be awake during the surgery

Question 26

What happened in 1987 to ban CFCs

Answer 26

Montreal protocol - banned CFCs - Unitl 2010 to fully implement