topic 8 Flashcards
what is intergroup behaviour?
behaviour between members of a group- actions based on the awareness that you are part of a group
what did Berkowitz suggest intergroup prejudice and discriminatory behaviour is a function of?
aversive events
aggressive associations
what are the stages of collective violence?
relative deprivation
frustration
aversive environmental conditions amplify frustration
individual acts of aggression
these made worse by aggressive stimuli
aggression becomes more widespread and is the dominant response
aggression rapidly spreads through social facilitation
who distinguished between the two types of relative deprivation?
Runciman
what is egoistic relative depression?
personally have less than we are entitled to
relative to our personal aspirations or other individuals
what is fraternalistic relative depression?
our group has less than we are entitled to
relative to other groups
associated with social unrest
who proposed realistic conflict theory?
Sherif
what is realistic conflict theory?
competing over scarce resources
intergroup relations marked by conflict
ethoncentrism arises
what is ethnocentrism?
use our own group as a standard to compare to other groups
own group is the centre of everything- everything else is relative to it
what were the four stages of Sherif’s summer camp studies?
spontaneous friendship group formation
in group and norm formation
intergroup competition
intergroup cooperation
what are the 4 phases in Sherif’s summer camp studies?
1= arrived at camp, activities, friendships formed
2= camp divided into 2 groups, friendships split
3= competitive games between groups, ethnocentric attitudes and behaviour amplified, intergroup encounters led to intergroup hostility
4= groups provided with superordinate goals, had to work in cooperation, cooperation reduced conflict
what do mutually exclusive goals between groups result in?
ethnocentrism
realistic group conflict
what do shared goals between groups result in?
co operation
who proposed the minimal group paradigm?
Tajfel et al
what is the minimal group paradigm?
experimental methodology to investigate the effect of social categorisation alone on behaviour