Topic 6- Inheritance, Variation And Evolution Flashcards
What are the classes of organisms determined by Carl Linnaeus?
Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
Which features are living organisms traditionally classified by?
Their structure and characteristics
What is the binomial system of naming organisms?
Genus name followed by species name
State the 3 domains
Archaea
Eukarya
Bacteria
Which organisms belong in the domain Archaea?
Bacteria, uses all living in extreme environments
What organisms belong in the domain bacteria?
Bacteria
Why kingdoms belong in the domain Eukarya?
Plants
Animals
Fungi
Protists
How are evolutionary trees created?
Examining the DNA of different species and analysing how similar the consequences are
What is meiosis?
- form of cell division involved in formation of gametes in reproductive organs
- chromosome number is halved
- involves 2 divisions
What must occur prior to meiosis?
Interphase- copies of genetic info are made during the process
What is the first stage of meiosis?
- chromosome pairs line up along cell equator
- one pair are departed and move to opposite poles
- chromosome number is halved
What happens during the second stage of meiosis?
Chromosomes line up along cell equator
Chromatids are separated and move to opposite poles
4 unique haploid gametes are produced
Why is meiosis important for sexual reproduction?
Increases genetic variation
Ensures the zygote formed at fertilisation is diploid
