TOPIC 6 - cold war rivalry Flashcards
The USA feared the ….
Spread of communism
At …. it had been agreed that Germany and Berlin would be divided into ….
Yalta
4 zones
At …. It was agreed that each sector would be administered …..
Potsdam
By one of the allies
Potsdam = agreed that …. to receive bulk of reparations as ….
USSR
Russia had highest number of casualties
Secret telegrams = both nations wanted ….
World domination
USA moved away from the policy of ….. under the Truman Doctrine
Isolationism
Marshall plan = ….
Financial aid
Policy of ….. based on domino theory
Containment
Stalin didn’t want a …… Germany on the border with the USSR
Democratic and reunited
Allies declared plan to create …… with its own ….
West German state
New currency
Stalin response = ….. - road, rail + canal traffic to …..
Blockade
Starve allies out of West Berlin
Truman response to bloackade = ….
Airlift supplies
Stalin couldn’t ….. - risk war
Shoot down planes
Average of ….. tonnes of supplies each day
4000
Airlift lasted …., beginning in ….
10 months
June 1948
Airlift consequences = ….
Increased east/west rivalry
Creation of …. And the ….. pact
NATO
Warsaw
….. - the Berlin Crisis - increased …. leaving East to West - ….. a month
1961
Refugees
20000
build Berlin Wall = ….’s solution
Khrushchev
Checkpoint Charlie = …..
Tank standoff
Brink of nuclear war = ….
October 1962
Revolution in Cuba in …. - USA supported … overthrown by …
1959
Batista
Fidel Castro
Castro ejected all ….. so USA refused to …..
US business
to buy Cuba’s biggest export, sugar
…. Offered to by Cuban sugar
USSR
JFK authorised …. Invasion - it failed + drew …. Closer to the USSR
The Bay of Pigs
Castro
Khrushchev worried about ….
US bases in Turkey and Italy
In September, the USSR began to …. - US …..photographed sites
Install ballistic missiles in Cuba
U-2 spy planes
Launch sires for intermediate missiles - ….km range = major …. for USA
3500
security issue
Cuban Missile Crisis lasted … days from …. To …..
13
16th October - 28th October
JFK advisors = ….(agressive) and ….(peaceful) solutions
Hawks
Doves
JFK imposed a naval blockade to ….
Stop USSR missiles reaching Cuba
Khrushchev sent 2 letters to JFK - USSR would ….. and …..
Force way through blockade
Was prepared to use nuclear weapons in war
JFK asked Khrushchev to ….., Khrushchev said he would if USA …. and …..
remove missiles from Cuba
removed missiles from Turkey
didn’t invade Cuba
US spy plane …. over Cuba - deal agreed but US ….. = secret
Shot down
Removal from Turkey
Brinkmanship = ….
Pushing to the verge of war
…. Treaty - agree to stop testing
Partial Test Ban
Domino theory = if Vietnam ….. so would ….
Fell to communism
All of SE Asia
Vietnam = …. border with Communist China
Northern
Vietnam North leader = ….. = …..
Ho Chi Minh
Communist
Unpopular South Vietnam leader = ….. overthrown in ….
Diem
November 1963
US popularity …. in Vietnam under JFK due to ….
Decreased
Strategic hamlet policy
Gulf of Tonkin = attack on …. = excuse for ….
US destroyer Maddox
Military involvement
Operation …. + use of ….. + ….. used to destroy supply routes and jungle
Rolling Thunder
Agent Orange
Napalm
Vietcong = …
Supporters of north in south
Search + destroy = …. - set fire to …. believed to be supporting ….
Zippo Raids
thatched houses + villages
Vietcong
High civilian …. + media …. of atrocities like ….
Casualties
Coverage
My Lai Massacre
In jungle, …. very effective but …. ineffective
Guerrilla tactics
US conventional high tech methods
US troops …. + didn’t understand ….
Inexperienced
why they were fighting
High levels of opposition due to ……
Casualties, media + failure to win
Nixon promised to ….
Withdraw from Vietnam
Turning point in 1972 when …..
Nixon visits China
…. = peace treaty
Vietnam united as ….
…. also fall
January 1973
communist
Laos, Cambodia
