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Abi Science 2015 > Topic 6 Chemical Reactions > Flashcards

Topic 6 Chemical Reactions Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the products of a chemical reaction?

A

The results of a chemical reaction.

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2
Q

What is a chemical bond?

A

The force of attraction between the ATOMS in a compound.

Note: these are not IMF!

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3
Q

What is a chemical change?

A

A chemical change is the name for when the atoms in a compound are changed through a chemical reaction. These molecules will have new properties.

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4
Q

How can you tell if a chemical reaction occurs?

A 
There could be:
A colour change
Bubbles or fizzing
It feels hot or cold
A smell
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5
Q

How can we represent a chemical reaction?

A

By using an equation.

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6
Q

What symbols do we use the most in chemical reactions?

A

➕combined

➡️ chemical reaction

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7
Q

What is a monatomic element?

A

An element, the atoms of which travel alone. Most elements are monatomic, except for the diatomic elements.

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8
Q

What kinds of chemical equations can you get?

A

Word equations

Chemical equations

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9
Q

What are the reactants in a chemical reaction?

A

The ‘ingredients’ in a chemical reaction.

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10
Q

What is a word equation?

A

Use words:

Carbon+Oxygen➡️Carbon dioxide

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11
Q

What is a chemical equation?

A

Use formulae:

C+O➡️CO

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11
Q

What is the chemical equation for the neutralisation of stomach acid?

A

Hydrochloric acid+magnesium hydroxide➡️magnesium chloride+water

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12
Q

What is the chemical equation for the burning of fuels?

A

Octane+oxygen➡️carbon dioxide and water

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14
Q

What is the chemical equation for fermentation?

A

Sugar+yeast➡️alcohol+carbon dioxide

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16
Q

What elements can be found in an octane?

A

Carbon and hydrogen

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17
Q

What do we call the process of chemical reactions?

A

Bonding

18
Q

What happens during a chemical reaction?

A

The chemical bonds between the atoms break, and the atoms rearrange to form new bonds.

19
Q

What happens to elements in a chemical reaction?

A

They only rearrange, none of them disappear and no new elements will be in the products.

20
Q

What is the word equation for fireworks?

A

Sulfur+oxygen➡️sulfur dioxide

21
Q

What happens when you place an egg in white vinegar?

A

Bubbles will appear. If the egg is left the shell will completely disappear and there will be a slight colour change.

22
Q

What is the word equation for the egg and vinegar reaction?

A

Vinegar(acetic acid)+calcium carbonate➡️water+carbon dioxide+carbonic acid

23
Q

What are useful chemical reactions?

A

Fermentation
Neutralisation of stomach acid
Burning fuels

24
Q

Why is fermentation useful?

A

It makes beer

25
Q

Why is burning fuels useful?

A

We use the energy to power cars

26
Q

Why is the neutralisation of stomach acids useful?

A

It stops indigestion

27
Q

What is the word equation for rust?

A

Moisture

Iron+oxygen➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️iron oxide

28
Q

What careers can be found in chemistry?

A

Mining, engineering and in development of materials.

29
Q

Where do we mine minerals from?

A

Rocks in the earth called ores

30
Q

How do we extract iron from ores?

A

We react rock that contains iron with carbon in a blast furnace at very high temperatures.

31
Q

What is the word equation for the extraction of iron from iron ore?

A

Iron oxide+carbon➡️carbon dioxide+iron

32
Q

What are chemical engineers involved in?

A

In developing products and in making and designing substances.

33
Q

What are plastics made out of?

A

Polymers

34
Q

How are plastics recycled?

A

Scientists use chemical reactions to recycle polymers.

35
Q

What are renewable bio fuels?

A

They are fuels that are made from organic materials.

36
Q

What are examples of bio fuels?

A

Ethanol and bio diesel

37
Q

How is ethanol made?

A

Yeast reacts with a sugar solution to make ethanol and carbon dioxide

38
Q

How is bio diesel made?

A

From soybeans and other natural oils

39
Q

What happens when a ballon filled with hydrogen is ignited in the presence of oxygen?

A

There is a loud pop, and an explosion/fire ball

40
Q

What is the word equation for water?

A

Hydrogen+oxygen➡Dihydrogen monoxide

Abi Science 2015 (9 decks)

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