Topic 6 Chemical Reactions Flashcards
What are the products of a chemical reaction?
The results of a chemical reaction.
What is a chemical bond?
The force of attraction between the ATOMS in a compound.
Note: these are not IMF!
What is a chemical change?
A chemical change is the name for when the atoms in a compound are changed through a chemical reaction. These molecules will have new properties.
How can you tell if a chemical reaction occurs?
There could be: A colour change Bubbles or fizzing It feels hot or cold A smell
How can we represent a chemical reaction?
By using an equation.
What symbols do we use the most in chemical reactions?
➕combined
➡️ chemical reaction
What is a monatomic element?
An element, the atoms of which travel alone. Most elements are monatomic, except for the diatomic elements.
What kinds of chemical equations can you get?
Word equations
Chemical equations
What are the reactants in a chemical reaction?
The ‘ingredients’ in a chemical reaction.
What is a word equation?
Use words:
Carbon+Oxygen➡️Carbon dioxide
What is a chemical equation?
Use formulae:
C+O➡️CO
What is the chemical equation for the neutralisation of stomach acid?
Hydrochloric acid+magnesium hydroxide➡️magnesium chloride+water
What is the chemical equation for the burning of fuels?
Octane+oxygen➡️carbon dioxide and water
What is the chemical equation for fermentation?
Sugar+yeast➡️alcohol+carbon dioxide
What elements can be found in an octane?
Carbon and hydrogen
What do we call the process of chemical reactions?
Bonding
What happens during a chemical reaction?
The chemical bonds between the atoms break, and the atoms rearrange to form new bonds.
What happens to elements in a chemical reaction?
They only rearrange, none of them disappear and no new elements will be in the products.
What is the word equation for fireworks?
Sulfur+oxygen➡️sulfur dioxide
What happens when you place an egg in white vinegar?
Bubbles will appear. If the egg is left the shell will completely disappear and there will be a slight colour change.
What is the word equation for the egg and vinegar reaction?
Vinegar(acetic acid)+calcium carbonate➡️water+carbon dioxide+carbonic acid
What are useful chemical reactions?
Fermentation
Neutralisation of stomach acid
Burning fuels
Why is fermentation useful?
It makes beer
Why is burning fuels useful?
We use the energy to power cars
Why is the neutralisation of stomach acids useful?
It stops indigestion
What is the word equation for rust?
Moisture
Iron+oxygen➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️➡️iron oxide
What careers can be found in chemistry?
Mining, engineering and in development of materials.
Where do we mine minerals from?
Rocks in the earth called ores
How do we extract iron from ores?
We react rock that contains iron with carbon in a blast furnace at very high temperatures.
What is the word equation for the extraction of iron from iron ore?
Iron oxide+carbon➡️carbon dioxide+iron
What are chemical engineers involved in?
In developing products and in making and designing substances.
What are plastics made out of?
Polymers
How are plastics recycled?
Scientists use chemical reactions to recycle polymers.
What are renewable bio fuels?
They are fuels that are made from organic materials.
What are examples of bio fuels?
Ethanol and bio diesel
How is ethanol made?
Yeast reacts with a sugar solution to make ethanol and carbon dioxide
How is bio diesel made?
From soybeans and other natural oils
What happens when a ballon filled with hydrogen is ignited in the presence of oxygen?
There is a loud pop, and an explosion/fire ball
What is the word equation for water?
Hydrogen+oxygen➡Dihydrogen monoxide
