Topic 4 Atoms Flashcards
What is an element?
An element is a pure substance, the atoms of which cannot be made into a simpler substance. An element is made up of only one kind of atom.
What is made of matter?
Everything
What is matter?
Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
What are atoms?
Atoms are the building block of matter.
How big are atoms?
Atoms are extremely small.
Why can’t elements be changed into another element?
It is because the atoms of every element are unique, and they are made up of only one type of atom.
What does it mean if an element is chemically unique?
This means that a chemical reaction cannot alter the atoms of an element.
How is the periodic table arranged?
It is arranged into a grid pattern with seven horizontal rows and 18 vertical columns.
Where does the word ‘atom’ come from?
‘Atom’ comes from the Greek word atomos, which means ‘uncuttable’.
What is an atom made up of?
Subatomic particles
What is the centre of an atom called?
The nucleus
What is the nucleus made up of?
Protons and Neutrons
How are protons charged?
They have a positive charge.
How are neutrons charged?
They are neutrally charged.
What is the circling cloud around the nucleus called?
They are called electrons.
How are electrons charged?
They have a negative charge.
How is an atom charged?
It has a neutral charge.
How big is the nucleus in relation to the cloud of electrons?
The nucleus is as a marble would be in the middle of a football stadium, although the nucleus makes up most of the mass of the atom.
What is a scientific model?
A scientific model is a representation of an idea of how something works.
How do we determine the amount of protons in an atom?
The amount of protons is equal to the atomic number.
How do we determine the amount of electrons in an atom?
The amount of electrons is equal to the atomic number.
How do we determine the amount of neutrons in an atom?
We subtract the atomic number from the atomic weight.
What is a pure substance?
A pure substance consists of only one type of particle.