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Abi Science 2015 > Terminology > Flashcards

Terminology Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of:

The particle model of matter

A

A scientific model used to explain that all matter is made up of tiny particles and to explain the properties and behaviour of matter.

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2
Q

What is the definition of:

A solid

A

The phase (state) of a substance where the particles are tightly packed in a fixed, orderly arrangement.

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3
Q

What is the definition of:

A gas

A

The phase of a substance where the intermolecular forces are extremely weak.

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4
Q

What is the definition of:

Sublimation

A

A change of phase directly from a solid into a gas, completely skipping the liquid phase.

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5
Q

What is the definition of:

Melting

A

A change of phase where the particles move out of their orderly arrangement and start to slide over one another.

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6
Q

What is the definition of:

Ice

A

The common substance where the solid phase is less dense than the liquid phase.

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7
Q

What is the definition of:

Gas

A

The phase in which particles move the fastest.

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8
Q

What is the definition of:

Diffusion

A

The process in a liquid or gas where particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

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9
Q

What is the missing word?

The temperature needs to be _________________ to change a substance from a liquid to a gas.

A

Increased

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10
Q

What is the definition of:

The melting point

A

The point at which a solid changes phase to become a liquid.

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11
Q

What is the definition of:

Solidification

A

The process whereby a liquid changes phase to become a solid.

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12
Q

What is the definition of:

The boiling point

A

The point at which a liquid changes phase to become a gas.

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13
Q

What is the definition of:

Condensation

A

The the process whereby a gas changes phase to become a liquid.

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14
Q

What is the missing word?

The temperature needs to be __________________ to change a substance from a liquid to a solid.

A

Decreased

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15
Q

What is the definition of:

Mass

A

The amount of matter (particles) that an object is made of.

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16
Q

What is the definition of:

Volume

A

The amount of space that an object occupies (takes up).

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17
Q

What is the definition of:

Density

A

The mass per unit volume of a substance.

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18
Q

What is the missing word?

A liquid with a low density will ______ on a liquid with a higher density.

A

Float

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19
Q

What is the definition of:

Contraction

A

When a solid metal object is cooled, it decreases in size slightly.

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20
Q

What is the definition of:

Expansion

A

When a solid metal object is heated, it increases in size slightly.

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21
Q

What is the definition of:

Low density

A

The density of a substance where the particles are quite far apart.

22
Q

What is the definition of:

High density

A

The density of a substance where the particles are tightly packed.

23
Q

What is the definition of:

Gas pressure

A

The force created by gas particles hitting the walls of their container.

24
Q

What is the missing word?

Gas pressure will _____________________ when more particles are added to the same container.

A

Increase

25
Q

What is the missing word?

Gas pressure will ____________________ if the volume of the container is increased.

A

Decrease

26
Q

What is the missing word?

Gas pressure will ___________________ if the temperture is increased.

A

Increase

27
Q

What is the definition of:

The periodic table

A

A table arranged into columns and rows containing all the known elements which form the bulding blocks of all matter.

28
Q

What is the definition of:

An atom

A

The smallest particle that all matter consists of (is made up of).

29
Q

What is the definition of:

Mercury

A

The only liquid metal element.

30
Q

What is the definition of:

Bromine

A

The only liquid non-metal element.

31
Q

What is the definition of:

Periods

A

The horizontal rows of the periodic table.

32
Q

What is the definition of:

Groups

A

The vertical columns of the periodic table.

33
Q

What is the definition of:

Halogens

A

The collective name for all the elements in group 17.

34
Q

What is the definition of:

The noble gases

A

The collective name for all the elements in group 18.

35
Q

What is the definition of:

Subatomic particles

A

Protons, neutrons and electrons that make up every atom.

36
Q

What is this the definition of:

The nucleus

A

The central region of an atom which has an overall positive charge.

37
Q

What is the definition of:

Protons

A

The positively charged sub atomic particles in an atom.

38
Q

What is the definition of:

Electrons

A

The negatively charged sub atomic particles in an atom.

39
Q

What is the definition of:

Neutrons

A

The sub atomic particles in an atom which carry no charge.

40
Q

What is the definition of:

A neutral atom

A

An atom which has an equal number of positive and negative charges.

41
Q

What is the definition of:

The atomic number

A

The number which represents the number of protons in an atom.

42
Q

What is the definition of:

The atomic weight

A

The number which represents the number of protons + neutrons in an atom.

43
Q

What is the missing word?

The atomic mass – the atomic number = the number of ____________

A

Neutrons

44
Q

What is the definition of:

A pure substance

A

A substance where are the particles are identical (only one type of particle). The particles can either be atoms or molecules.

45
Q

What is the definition of:

A diatomic substance

A

Two identical atoms chemically bonded together to form a molecule.

46
Q

What is the definition of:

A chemical reaction

A

The process where atoms of substances are re-arranged to form a new substance.

47
Q

What is the definition of:

Chemical symbol

A

A combination of letters and numbers which tell us the type and ratio of elements in a compound.

48
Q

What is the definition of:

Intermolecular forces

A

A very strong attraction between atoms in a molecule that arises from a chemical reaction between the atoms.

49
Q

What is the definition of:

A chemical formula

A

A combination of letters and numbers which tell us the type and ratio of elements in a compound.

50
Q

What is the definition of:

A compound

A

A pure substance made of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.

51
Q

What is the definition of:

A decomposition reaction

A

A chemical reaction where a substance breaks down into simpler substances.

Abi Science 2015 (9 decks)

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