Terminology Flashcards
What is the definition of:
The particle model of matter
A scientific model used to explain that all matter is made up of tiny particles and to explain the properties and behaviour of matter.
What is the definition of:
A solid
The phase (state) of a substance where the particles are tightly packed in a fixed, orderly arrangement.
What is the definition of:
A gas
The phase of a substance where the intermolecular forces are extremely weak.
What is the definition of:
Sublimation
A change of phase directly from a solid into a gas, completely skipping the liquid phase.
What is the definition of:
Melting
A change of phase where the particles move out of their orderly arrangement and start to slide over one another.
What is the definition of:
Ice
The common substance where the solid phase is less dense than the liquid phase.
What is the definition of:
Gas
The phase in which particles move the fastest.
What is the definition of:
Diffusion
The process in a liquid or gas where particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.
What is the missing word?
The temperature needs to be _________________ to change a substance from a liquid to a gas.
Increased
What is the definition of:
The melting point
The point at which a solid changes phase to become a liquid.
What is the definition of:
Solidification
The process whereby a liquid changes phase to become a solid.
What is the definition of:
The boiling point
The point at which a liquid changes phase to become a gas.
What is the definition of:
Condensation
The the process whereby a gas changes phase to become a liquid.
What is the missing word?
The temperature needs to be __________________ to change a substance from a liquid to a solid.
Decreased
What is the definition of:
Mass
The amount of matter (particles) that an object is made of.
What is the definition of:
Volume
The amount of space that an object occupies (takes up).
What is the definition of:
Density
The mass per unit volume of a substance.
What is the missing word?
A liquid with a low density will ______ on a liquid with a higher density.
Float
What is the definition of:
Contraction
When a solid metal object is cooled, it decreases in size slightly.
What is the definition of:
Expansion
When a solid metal object is heated, it increases in size slightly.
What is the definition of:
Low density
The density of a substance where the particles are quite far apart.
What is the definition of:
High density
The density of a substance where the particles are tightly packed.
What is the definition of:
Gas pressure
The force created by gas particles hitting the walls of their container.
What is the missing word?
Gas pressure will _____________________ when more particles are added to the same container.
Increase
What is the missing word?
Gas pressure will ____________________ if the volume of the container is increased.
Decrease
What is the missing word?
Gas pressure will ___________________ if the temperture is increased.
Increase
What is the definition of:
The periodic table
A table arranged into columns and rows containing all the known elements which form the bulding blocks of all matter.
What is the definition of:
An atom
The smallest particle that all matter consists of (is made up of).
What is the definition of:
Mercury
The only liquid metal element.
What is the definition of:
Bromine
The only liquid non-metal element.
What is the definition of:
Periods
The horizontal rows of the periodic table.
What is the definition of:
Groups
The vertical columns of the periodic table.
What is the definition of:
Halogens
The collective name for all the elements in group 17.
What is the definition of:
The noble gases
The collective name for all the elements in group 18.
What is the definition of:
Subatomic particles
Protons, neutrons and electrons that make up every atom.
What is this the definition of:
The nucleus
The central region of an atom which has an overall positive charge.
What is the definition of:
Protons
The positively charged sub atomic particles in an atom.
What is the definition of:
Electrons
The negatively charged sub atomic particles in an atom.
What is the definition of:
Neutrons
The sub atomic particles in an atom which carry no charge.
What is the definition of:
A neutral atom
An atom which has an equal number of positive and negative charges.
What is the definition of:
The atomic number
The number which represents the number of protons in an atom.
What is the definition of:
The atomic weight
The number which represents the number of protons + neutrons in an atom.
What is the missing word?
The atomic mass – the atomic number = the number of ____________
Neutrons
What is the definition of:
A pure substance
A substance where are the particles are identical (only one type of particle). The particles can either be atoms or molecules.
What is the definition of:
A diatomic substance
Two identical atoms chemically bonded together to form a molecule.
What is the definition of:
A chemical reaction
The process where atoms of substances are re-arranged to form a new substance.
What is the definition of:
Chemical symbol
A combination of letters and numbers which tell us the type and ratio of elements in a compound.
What is the definition of:
Intermolecular forces
A very strong attraction between atoms in a molecule that arises from a chemical reaction between the atoms.
What is the definition of:
A chemical formula
A combination of letters and numbers which tell us the type and ratio of elements in a compound.
What is the definition of:
A compound
A pure substance made of two or more different elements chemically bonded together in a fixed ratio.
What is the definition of:
A decomposition reaction
A chemical reaction where a substance breaks down into simpler substances.
