Topic 5- Proteins And Enzymes

Question 0

What does the sequence of amino acids give the protein?

Answer 0

It’s shape

Question 1

What are proteins made of?

Answer 1

Amino acids joined together

Question 2

What are different proteins and their functions?

Answer 2

Enzymes- speed up chemical reactions in cells
Antibodies- help defend the body against disease
Hormones- carry chemical messages from one part of the body to another in the blood
The structure of muscles, hair and nails are composed of structural proteins

Question 3

What happens to the enzyme (biological catalyst) after a reaction?

Answer 3

Remain unchanged

Question 4

What is the active site?

Answer 4

The molecule which an enzyme acts on is known as its substate, a substate fits into the active site of the enzyme. The shape of the active site is complementary to the shape of the substate. Other substates cannot fit into the active site and so am enzyme can only catalyse one reaction. Each enzyme is specific as it can only catalyse a single reaction

Question 5

What does a synthesis reaction do? And what is an example?

Answer 5

• Enzymes build up large molecules from small ones

- glucose-1-phosphate molecules being joined together to form starch,ole unless by the enzyme phosphorylase

Question 6

What is degradation reaction? What is an example?

Answer 6

• when something is being broken down

- hydrogen peroxide being broken down into oxygen and water by the enzyme catalase

Question 7

What is the enzymes optimum conditions?

Answer 7

The conditions in which the enzyme works best in and its fastest

Question 8

What effects the rate of reaction of enzymes?

Answer 8

• pH and temperature
• pH effects the shape of protein molecules
• higher temperatures change the active site shape and decreases activity and the enzyme has become denatures