Topic 3 - Producing New Cells

Question 0

What are new cells used for?

Answer 0

For growth and repair to replace worn out cells

Question 1

What does the term cell division mean?

Answer 1

Increasing the number of cells in an organism

Question 2

What is the biological term for cell division?

Answer 2

Mitosis

Question 3

What is the process of mitosis?

Answer 3

Cells are diploid which means they have two matching sets of chromosomes. Before mitosis each chromosome is replicated forming two chromatids which are joined together. The chromosomes then become shorter and the nuclear membrane disappears. The spindle fibres arrange the chromosomes across the equator of the cell and pull them apart and drag them to the poles of the cell. Once at the poles, the chromosomes become long again and are surrounded by a nuclear membrane. Finally, the cytoplasm divides to form two daughter cells which are identical to each other and the original cell

Question 4

What does mitosis do?

Answer 4

Maintains the same chromosome complement

Question 5

Why is it important that every cell has a full set of information?

Answer 5

For growth and development?

Question 6

How are cells cultured?

Answer 6

Using solid or liquid media that provide all the nutrients needed for rapid multiplication

Question 7

What factors that must be controlled?

Answer 7

Food, oxygen and a suitable temperature

Question 8

How is the contamination of culture with microorganisms prevented?

Answer 8

By aseptic techniques such as hands must be washed be before and after the practical, work should be carried out beside am up draught of hot air from a Bunsen Burner and all equipment must be sterilised before and after use