Topic 5 - Hematoma Flashcards
The 2 most common traumatic bleed types are ________ and ________ hematomas.
Epidural
Subdural
RMTs should be focused on the _____ of signs and symptoms, and awareness of what makes someone more ____ ____ for hematomas.
Onset
High Risk
Bleeding into the space between the dura mater and the brain itself that crosses the suture line.
Subdural Hematoma
Bleeding into the space between the dura mater and the skull that does not cross the suture line.
Epidural Hematoma
A higher pressure arterial bleed, often from one of the meningeal artery branches, caused by a skull fracture or other traumatic impact.
Epidural Hematoma
With an ________ hematoma, the blood forces its way between the internal skull bone periosteum and the dura mater, snapping the _________ fibres and disrupting the structural support that holds it to the skull.
Epidural
Sharpey’s
As an epidural hematoma progresses, the brain tissue _________ as blood rushes into the enlarging space.
Collapses
T/F - Brain damage can never result from an epidural hematoma.
False - Brain damage CAN result from an epidural hematoma.
There is a window of time in which medical treatment can be successful in evacuating the _____ from an epidural hematoma, along with ___________ flow and tissue damage.
Blood
Controlling
T/F - Epidural hematomas are likely to be fatal once the opportunity window is lost.
True
Signs and symptoms of an epidural hematoma onset within a few hour to __ days from the impact.
3 days
Bleeding from an ________ hematoma may start right away or the injured vessel may take a bit of time to “blow.”
Epidural
An onset symptom of an epidural hematoma is a very intense “_______” headache accompanied by nausea/vomiting, like the ___________ stroke headache.
“Unusual”
Hemorrhagic
With an epidural hematoma, there may be onset of ____________ signs that correspond to the _____ tissue being compressed, with new ones being added as the bleeding extends.
Neurological
Brain
T/F - With epidural hematoma, there are no onset signs and symptoms of shock.
False - With epidural hematoma, there ARE onset signs and symptoms of shock.
With an epidural hematoma, there may be altered _____________, and the person eventually slips into ____.
Consciousness
Coma
People are ________ regularly after a concussion injury to check for signs of an epidural hematoma.
Awakened
A slower, low pressure bleed, typically venous or microvascular.
Subdural Hematoma
With a ________ hematoma, the blood accumulates in the space between the dura mater and the brain, sometimes staying above the _________ mater, sometimes seeping below.
Subdural
Arachnoid
With ________ hematomas, it can take sometime before enough blood accumulates to pressurize the brain.
Subdural
T/F - It can be days or weeks before subdural hematoma signs and symptoms appear.
True
In some cases of ________ hematoma, signs and symptoms onset when a subsequent event occurs that ____________ a previously weakened vessel.
Subdural
Destabilizes
With a subdural hematoma, the brain tissue does not ________ structurally in the epidural hematoma manner, but ________ from sufficient accumulating blood can cause damage.
Collapse
Pressure
The most common first onset sign of a subdural hematoma is ________. Also, ________ are very common.
Dystaxia
Seizures
T/F - There are no neurological signs indicating the onset of a subdural hematoma.
False - There are VARIOUS neurological signs REFLECTING AFFECTED TISSUE THAT INDICATE the onset of a subdural hematoma.
Someone with a ________ hematoma may develop confusion or experience altered consciousness.
Subdural
T/F - Subdural hematomas have the potential to be fatal, but there is more time and opportunity for successful medical treatment.
True
T/F - There is no risk of permanent damage and/or seizure disorder from subdural hematomas.
False - There IS risk of permanent damage and/or seizure disorder from subdural hematomas.
Because of the protracted time period that can elapse between impact and onset of signs and symptoms, the massage therapist may well be massaging someone with a developing ________ hematoma.
Subdural
The following categories of individuals are at a higher risk for ________ due to history of multiple head impacts and/or “________” mechanisms:
- Professional drivers (e.g. taxi, courier)
- Contact sport athletes
- Frequent fallers (e.g. seniors, young children, people with epilepsy/diabetes/multiple sclerosis/parkinsonism, horseback riders/jockeys, skiers, gymnasts, alcoholics/addicts)
- Construction workers
- Care workers for aggressive patients
- Battered, bullied or abused individuals
Hematoma
“Whiplash”
