Topic 10 - Respiratory Anatomy

Question 1

From the exterior, the _____ are protected by the thoracic cage and surrounding musculature.

Answer 1

Lungs

Question 2

Match the borders with the corresponding structure(s) related to the lungs.
1) Respiratory diaphragm
2) Thoracic vertebrae
3) Cervical musculature
4) Ribs, sternum & intercostal muscles

A) Posterior
B) Anterior/Lateral
C) Superior
D) Inferior

Answer 2

1) Respiratory diaphragm = D) Inferior
2) Thoracic vertebrae = A) Posterior
3) Cervical musculature = C) Superior
4) Ribs, sternum & intercostal muscles = B) Anterior/Lateral

Question 3

The space that separates the right from left lung and houses the heart, great blood vessels, esophagus, thymus, lymph nodes, vagus and phrenic nerves.

Answer 3

Mediastinum

Question 4

What is the functional unit of the respiratory system?

Answer 4

Lungs

Question 5

Each of the lungs has an ____ (top) and a ____ (bottom).

Answer 5

Apex
Base

Question 6

The _____ lung has 3 lobes (superior, middle and inferior) and the 2 fissures that separate the lobes are the _______ (separating the superior and middle lobes) and the __________ (separating the middle and inferior lobes).

Answer 6

Right
Oblique
Horizontal

Question 7

The ____ lung has 2 lobes (superior and inferior) with 1 oblique fissure separating the lobes. A unique feature is the _______ notch.

Answer 7

Left
Cardiac

Question 8

Pulmonary arteries carry ____________ blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs.

Answer 8

Deoxygenated

Question 9

Pulmonary veins carry __________ blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Answer 9

Oxygenated

Question 10

A type of circulation where oxygenated blood is sent from the left ventricle to the aorta which then pumps the blood to the body’s arterial network to disperse to the tissues.

Answer 10

Systemic Circulation

Question 11

The _________ arteries arise from the thoracic aorta and provide the lung tissues with nutrients and oxygen.

Answer 11

Bronchial

Question 12

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 12

Gas Exchange

Question 13

Gas exchange takes place in the respiratory airways at the ________ level.

Answer 13

Alveolar

Question 14

A type of respiration that involves exchange of gases across the respiratory membrane and brings oxygen into the systemic circulation and the body’s tissues to be used to form ATP at the cellular level.

Answer 14

Pulmonary Respiration

Question 15

Carbon dioxide and ________ is produced as a byproduct of pulmonary respiration and expelled.

Answer 15

Hydrogen

Question 16

With pulmonary respiration, ______ _______ diffuses out of the tissue and into the blood stream for delivery to the lungs, where it diffuses into the _______ and is then exhaled back into the environment.

Answer 16

Carbon Dioxide
Alveoli

Question 17

With pulmonary respiration, ______ that has been drawn into the alveoli, diffuses into the bloodstream and then travels

Answer 17

Oxygen