topic 5: antibiotics and fighting diseases

Question 1

examples of physical barriers

Answer 1

thick waxy cuticle, a layer of bark, mucus, cilia, skin

Question 2

examples of chemical barriers

Answer 2

antimicrobial compounds, lysozymes(digest bacteria), hydrochloric acid(stomach)

Question 3

phagocytosis

Answer 3

engulfs and destroys bacteria

Question 4

how do antibodies fight disease

Answer 4

each pathogen has an antigen on the surface which antibodies use to create a complementary shape so they clump together, because the pathogen is now larger it is easier for the phagocyte to locate

Question 5

how do memory lymphocytes fight disease

Answer 5

when the antibodies are binding to antigens this triggers the production of memory lymphocytes so if you become infected with the pathogen again the immune response will be much quicker

Question 6

how do antitoxins fight disease

Answer 6

they neutralise toxins by binding to them

Question 7

what can antibiotics treat?

Answer 7

bacterias only