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geography > topic 4 study guide > Flashcards

topic 4 study guide Flashcards

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1
Q

to approve

A

ratify

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2
Q

to change

A

amend

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3
Q

to reject, as when the President rejects a law passed by congress

A

veto

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4
Q

to bring charges of serious wrongdoing against a public official

A

impeach

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5
Q

government by consent of the governed

A

Popular Sovereignty

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6
Q

a proposed law

A

bill

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7
Q

related to lawsuits involving the private rights of individuals

A

civil

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8
Q

a system of transit lines, highways, bridges, and tunnels

A

infrastructure

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9
Q

a person who owes loyalty to a particular nation and it entitled to all its rights are protections

A

Citizen

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10
Q

a person who enters another country in order to settle there

A

Immigrant

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11
Q

a feeling of love and devotion to one’s country

A

Patriotism

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12
Q

What was the purpose of the Articles of Confederation?

A

They wanted to create a loose alliance of 13 independent states.

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13
Q

Who was in charge of enforcing the laws that Congress passed under the Articles of Confederation?

A

The states.

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14
Q

What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

A

Congress had very limited powers and they could not regulate trade or ask for funds from the states. They also had no president to execute laws.

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15
Q

What was the Northwest Ordinance?

A

A 1787 law that set up a government for the northwest territory.

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16
Q

What were the farmers involved in Shay’s Rebellion angry about?

A

Unfair taxes

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17
Q

What was the original purpose of the Constitutional Convention of 1787?

A

To revise the Articles of Confederation.

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18
Q

Who was elected president of the Constitutional Convention?

A

George Washington.

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19
Q

How did the Virgina Plan favor large states?

A

The number of representatives would be based on population.

20
Q

What did the Virginia and New Jersey Plans have in common?

A

They both called for 3 branches of government and they also both had a legislative branch that had elected representatives.

21
Q

How did the Great Compromise appease both the large and small states?

A

The smaller states liked that each state would have 2 representatives in the senate no matter what and the larger states liked that seats would be based on population in the house.

22
Q

What was the purpose of the three-fifths compromise?

A

To solve the issue of slavery being counted in the population or not.

23
Q

What effect did the ⅗ compromise have on the southern states?

A

It gave them more representatives in congress

24
Q

Why did some delegates refuse to sign the Constitution?

A

They wanted a Bill of RIghts added to the Constitution.

25
Q

What essential idea in the Magna Carta influenced the U.S. government?

A

People have basic rights

26
Q

What ideas in the English Bill of Rights influenced the U.S. government?

A

elections and fair trials.

27
Q

Only ____________ males who owned ______________ could vote or hold office in much of the country.

A

white, property

28
Q

How did Montesquieu propose to keep any one person or group from holding too much power through the idea of separation of powers?

A

Dividing power between 3 branches of government

29
Q

The Constitution would go into effect when _______ of the 13 states had ratified it.

A

9

30
Q

Explain the difference between Federalists and Antifederalists.

A

The Federalists were people who favored a strong government and supported the constitution. The Antifederalists were against the Constitution and giving the government too much power.

31
Q

What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?

A

to explain and defend the constitution

32
Q

Who were the authors of the Federalist Papers?

A

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay.

33
Q

Why did the Antifederalists believe that it was important for the Constitution to include a bill of rights?

A

The thought that the Constitution did not have a specific bill or guaranteed protections of individual rights and the government could ignore their rights easily

34
Q

Where was the first capital of the United States?

A

NYC

35
Q

How is representation different in the House of Representatives compared to the Senate?

A

Unlike the House, based on population, the Senate is based on equal representation of the states.

36
Q

What powers does the Executive Branch (president) have?

A

The President has the duty to carry out the nation’s laws and direct foreign policy. S/he can also make treaties with other nations and to appoint ambassadors. Also head and chief of military

37
Q

How are Supreme Court justices chosen? How many justices serve on the Supreme Court at a time? How long do they serve in office?

A

It has a Chief Justice and 8 associate justices. They serve for life. The President appoints the Justices but Congress must approve the appointments.

38
Q

What does the term “judicial review” refer to?

A

The power of the Court to declare whether acts of the President or laws passed by Congress are unconstitutional

39
Q

What is the process for Congress to remove a president from office?

A

The House must impeach the president and the senate conduct a trial with ⅔ vote to remove president from office

40
Q

How are amendments to the Constitution proposed?

A

By two thirds of both the House and the Senate, or by a national convention called by Congress at the request of two thirds of the states legislatures.

41
Q

What does the First Amendment protect?

A

basic individual liberties

42
Q

What does the Fifth Amendment protect?

A

States that people can not be forced to incriminate themselves.

43
Q

What issue did the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments address?

A

They are the Civil War amendments and talked about African Americans rights.

44
Q

How can a state amendment be amended?

A

the state legislature proposes an amendment and the people of the state have to approve it.

45
Q

What is a naturalized citizen?

A

Someone who has completed the legal process of becoming a citizen. Specifically being under 18 when parents are naturalized

46
Q

What is a resident alien?

A

Someone who has submitted documents and photographs and attended several interviews to receive permission to remain in the country or a noncitizen living in the country.

47
Q

How does a citizen responsibly exercise his or her night to vote?

A

By actually voting and researching each candidate thoroughly to decide who you want to vote for.

geography (21 decks)

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