Topic 4 - Neuroimaging and mental health

Question 1

What do FMRIs measure?

Answer 1

The blood oxygen level in the brain.

Question 2

What is the voxel?

Answer 2

The smallest measurable unit in the brain. Also a a volume element representing a value in the three dimensional space.

Question 3

What are ROIs?

Answer 3

Regions of Interest, in FMRIs.

Question 4

What was the conclusion of Sprooten et al. (2017)?

Answer 4

By looking at reverse inference in 537 FMRI studies, they found that fMRI studies of single disorders don’t say much about them specifically.

Question 5

What are transdiagnostic traits?

Answer 5

Traits that are common to more mental disorders.

Question 6

What are SPECT studies?

Answer 6

Single photon emission computerised tomography. They are neuroimaging controversial studies.

Question 7

What is a computerised-approach to psychology?

Answer 7

An approach relying on machines and neuroimaging techniques that could be useful as it reduces bias and human error, but very expensive and limited to the binary approach.

Question 8

What are biomarkers and how can they help if identified?

Answer 8

Biomarkers are biological features that in this case can help with predicting response to treatment. Combining EEG markers can increase treatment response to 81% (15% increase).