Topic 4 - Extracting Metals And Dynamic Equilibria

Question 1

Which metals can be found in a pure form in the Earth’s crust?

Answer 1

Silver and gold

Question 2

Where does an element have to be in the reactivity series to be extracted from its ore using carbon?

Answer 2

Below carbon

Question 3

How are metals extracted from their ores when the py are above carbon in the reactivity series?

Answer 3

Electrolysis

Question 4

How is iron extracted from its ore?

Answer 4

It is put into a blast furnace, where it is heated up and reacted with carbon. The carbon binds with oxygen to form carbon dioxide, leaving the iron behind.

Question 5

How is aluminium extracted through electrolysis?

Answer 5

The aluminium is heated until it melts. A current is then passed through it causing the metal to move towards the cathode, and the non-metal towards the anode where they are discharged.

Question 6

What is the method of extracting metal using plants?

Answer 6

Grow plants in soil that contain metal compounds. The plants can not get rid of the metal so it slowly builds up in their leaves. The plants can then be burned to get the metal compound from which the metal can be extracted from.

Question 7

What is a reversible reaction?

Answer 7

A reaction where the products can react with each other to produce the original reactants

Question 8

State the three things that can change the position of an equilibrium

Answer 8

Temperature
Pressure
Concentration

Question 9

How is an equilibrium started?

Answer 9

When a reversible reaction is taking place. Both sides of the reaction will change rates until both are going at the same rate.

Question 10

What happens when you decrease the temperature of an equilibrium?

Answer 10

The equilibrium will move in the exothermic direction to produce more heat

Question 11

What happens when you increase the temperature of an equilibrium?

Answer 11

The equilibrium will move in the endothermic direction to absorb the extra heat

Question 12

What happens when you increase the pressure of an equilibrium?

Answer 12

The equilibrium will move towards the side that has fewer moles of gas to reduce the pressure.

Question 13

What happens when you decrease the pressure of an equilibrium?

Answer 13

The equilibrium will move towards the side with that has more moles of gas to increase the pressure

Question 14

What happens when you increase the concentration of one of the sides of an equilibrium?

Answer 14

The equilibrium will move towards that side to use up the reactants

Question 15

What happens when you decrease the concentration of one of the sides of an equilibrium?

Answer 15

The equilibrium will move away from that side to allow the reactants to build up