Topic 3- Globalisation, media representations and cyber crime

Question 1

Globalisation

Answer 1

Increasing interconnectedness of societies

Question 2

Global crime

Answer 2

One which transcends national boundaries

Question 3

David Held’s definition of globalisation

Answer 3

“The widening, deepening and speeding up of the worldwide interconnectedness in all aspects of life, from the cultural to the criminal, the financial to the spiritual”

Question 4

Manuel Castells

Answer 4

Argues that the global criminal economy is worth over £1 trillion

Question 5

Global risk consensus

Answer 5

Where risk is seen as global, no longer tied to a particular place

Question 6

Ian Taylor

Answer 6

Socialist perspective argues that globalisation has led to changes in the pattern and extent of crime

Question 7

Evaluation of Ian Taylor

Answer 7

Strengths
-Useful in lining global trends in a capitalist economy

Limits
-Doesn’t explain how it makes people act in a criminal way

Question 8

Rothe and Freidrich

Answer 8

Examine the roles of international financial organisations

Question 9

Dick Hobbs and Colin Dunningham

Answer 9

Ethnographic study examined how organised crime has expanded on the back of globalisation

Question 10

Glocal system

Answer 10

Global distribution network built from local connections

Question 11

McMafia

Answer 11

Misha Glenny 2008- Refers to organisations that emerged in Russia and Eastern Europe following the fall of communism

Question 12

How globalisation has affected crime

Answer 12

-Cultural globalisation
-Disorganised capitalism
-Growing inequality
-Supply and demand
-More opportunities
-Global risk society

Question 13

Williams and Dickinson

Answer 13

Found British Newspapers devote up to 30% of news to crime

Question 14

Surette

Answer 14

The backwards law
-The medias construction of crime and justice are opposite to the reality shown through official stats

Question 15

Schlesinger and Tumber 1994

Answer 15

1960’s- murder and petty crime was less of interest
1990’s- Reporting had widened to drugs, terrorism etc

Question 16

News values- Jewkes 2011

Answer 16

Criteria by which journalists and editors decide whether a story is newsworthy

Question 17

What are the news values

Answer 17

Immediacy
Dramatization
Personalisation
Risk
High status
Novelty
Violence
Sex
Celebrity
Children

Question 18

Surtte

Answer 18

Fictional representations of crime follow ‘the law of opposites’

Question 19

Newson

Answer 19

That violent videos could lead to violent actions

Question 20

Gerber

Answer 20

Found that ‘heavy’ users of TV had a higher fear of crime

Question 21

Lea and Young

Answer 21

That mass media increases a sense of relative deprivation among the poor and marginalised groups

Question 22

Moral panics

Answer 22

When the media create a societal problem to which everyone sees. This then creates a panic with society

Question 23

Stanley Cohens Folk devil and moral panics

Answer 23

A study of societal reaction to the ‘mods and rockers’ disturbances involving groups of youths at English seaside resort

Question 24

Cohen’s 3 elements

Answer 24

Exaggeration and distortion
Prediction
Symbolisation

Question 25

Deviance amplification spiral- Cohen

Answer 25

When one group commit some act of deviance and then the media picks this news up. They then produce stories about such matter which then creates a moral panic

Question 26

Stuart Hall's approach to moral panics

Answer 26

Sees moral panics within the context of capitalism

Question 27

Criticisms of moral panics

Answer 27

-Assumes that societal reaction is disproportionate -What turns the amplifier on and off? -Moral panics are now routine and therefore have less impact -Now less consensus about what is deviant vs 40 years ago

Question 28

Cyber crime

Answer 28

Computer mediated activities that are either illegal or considered illicit by some and that are conducted through global electronic networks

Question 29

Yvonne Jewkes

Answer 29

The internet creates opportunities for conventional crimes and new crimes using new tools

Question 30

Wall's 5 categories of cybercrime

Answer 30

1.Cyber trespass 2.Cyber deception and theft 3.Cyber pornography 4.Cyber violence 5.Global cyber crime