Topic 3 - Food Commodities

Question 1

Where does meat come from?

Answer 1

Animals.

Question 2

Where does poultry come from?

Answer 2

Birds.

Question 3

What is offal?

Answer 3

It’s the name given to the internal organs of animals. Examples are liver,kidney and heart.

Question 4

What is meat and poultry made up of?

Answer 4

Muscle and nutrients.

Question 5

What is in meat and poultry?

Answer 5

Water, protein, fats, Vitamin A and D, B group of vitamins, iron and water.

Question 6

What are the three type of fish and seafood?

Answer 6

• White fish
• Oily fish
• Shellfish : - Molluscs
  - Crustaceans.

Question 7

What has white fish got?

Answer 7

Firm white flesh.
Oil in the liver.
Examples are cod, coley, haddock.

Question 8

What has oily fish got?

Answer 8

Oil in the flesh.
A dark colour.
Examples are mackerel, tuna, sardine.

Question 9

What has shellfish got?

Molluscs and Crustaceans.

Answer 9

Molluscs - are little sea creatures that live inside shells. Examples are clams, mussels and oysters.

Crustaceans - are sea creatures with joints and soft bodies covered by hard shells. Examples are crabs, lobster and prawns.

Question 10

What is homogenisation?

Answer 10

This breaks up the fat layer so that it mixes with the rest of the milk and does not float on top.

Question 11

How much fat is in whole milk?

Answer 11

Roughly 4%.

Question 12

How much fat is in semi-skimmed milk?

Answer 12

About 1.7%.

Question 13

How much fat does skimmed milk have?

Answer 13

0.1-0.3% fat which is almost fat free!

Question 14

What is pasteurisation?

Answer 14

A heating process to kill harmful bacteria in milk.

Question 15

What is Ultra heat treated (UHT)?

Answer 15

A process carried out to extend shelf life of a food.

Question 16

What are the main nutrients in cheese?

Answer 16

Protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and water.

Question 17

What are free range eggs?

Answer 17

Where the hens are allowed open air and free runs.

Question 18

What are barn eggs?

Answer 18

Where the hens are kept in large sheds and can move around freely.

Question 19

What are battery eggs?

Answer 19

Where the hens are kept in cages and never see daylight.

Question 20

What are organic eggs?

Answer 20

From hens which live on organic land and fed on an organic diet.

Question 21

Name the parts of the egg.

Answer 21

Chalazae.
Shell.
Yolk.
Shell membranes.
Air cell.
Albumen.

Question 22

Very large eggs weigh …

Answer 22

73g or more.

Question 23

Large eggs weigh …

Answer 23

63g-73g.

Question 24

Medium eggs weigh …

Answer 24

53g-63g.

Question 25

Small eggs weigh …

Answer 25

53g or less.

Question 26

What is coagulation?

Answer 26

The egg to become solid or to set.

Question 27

What does Lion qualify mark mean?

Answer 27

Eggs have been produced to a high standard. Hens tested for salmonella bacteria.

Question 28

What is cross - contamination?

Answer 28

When bacteria cross from one food to another.

Question 29

What is a portion?

Answer 29

The size and weight of food we eat.

Question 30

How many portions of fruit and vegetables should we eat a day?

Answer 30

We should eat at least five portions everyday.

Question 31

What is a staple food?

Answer 31

They from a large part of the diet and are usually starchy foods.

Question 32

What are the three parts of a cereal and give a brief description.

Answer 32

Bran, Endosperm and Germ.
Bran or outer layer - this is where the fibre and B vitamins are found.
Endosperm or middle part - this is where starch and protein is found.
Germ or smallest part - where the new plant grows, and where the fat and B vitamins are found.

Question 33

State three nutrients found in milk.

Answer 33

Calcium, protein and sodium.