Topic 3 - Food Commodities Flashcards
Where does meat come from?
Animals.
Where does poultry come from?
Birds.
What is offal?
It’s the name given to the internal organs of animals. Examples are liver,kidney and heart.
What is meat and poultry made up of?
Muscle and nutrients.
What is in meat and poultry?
Water, protein, fats, Vitamin A and D, B group of vitamins, iron and water.
What are the three type of fish and seafood?
- White fish
- Oily fish
- Shellfish : - Molluscs
- Crustaceans.
What has white fish got?
Firm white flesh.
Oil in the liver.
Examples are cod, coley, haddock.
What has oily fish got?
Oil in the flesh.
A dark colour.
Examples are mackerel, tuna, sardine.
What has shellfish got?
Molluscs and Crustaceans.
Molluscs - are little sea creatures that live inside shells. Examples are clams, mussels and oysters.
Crustaceans - are sea creatures with joints and soft bodies covered by hard shells. Examples are crabs, lobster and prawns.
What is homogenisation?
This breaks up the fat layer so that it mixes with the rest of the milk and does not float on top.
How much fat is in whole milk?
Roughly 4%.
How much fat is in semi-skimmed milk?
About 1.7%.
How much fat does skimmed milk have?
0.1-0.3% fat which is almost fat free!
What is pasteurisation?
A heating process to kill harmful bacteria in milk.
What is Ultra heat treated (UHT)?
A process carried out to extend shelf life of a food.
What are the main nutrients in cheese?
Protein, fat, vitamins, minerals and water.
What are free range eggs?
Where the hens are allowed open air and free runs.
What are barn eggs?
Where the hens are kept in large sheds and can move around freely.
What are battery eggs?
Where the hens are kept in cages and never see daylight.
What are organic eggs?
From hens which live on organic land and fed on an organic diet.
Name the parts of the egg.
Chalazae. Shell. Yolk. Shell membranes. Air cell. Albumen.
Very large eggs weigh …
73g or more.
Large eggs weigh …
63g-73g.
Medium eggs weigh …
53g-63g.
Small eggs weigh …
53g or less.
What is coagulation?
The egg to become solid or to set.
What does Lion qualify mark mean?
Eggs have been produced to a high standard. Hens tested for salmonella bacteria.
What is cross - contamination?
When bacteria cross from one food to another.
What is a portion?
The size and weight of food we eat.
How many portions of fruit and vegetables should we eat a day?
We should eat at least five portions everyday.
What is a staple food?
They from a large part of the diet and are usually starchy foods.
What are the three parts of a cereal and give a brief description.
Bran, Endosperm and Germ.
Bran or outer layer - this is where the fibre and B vitamins are found.
Endosperm or middle part - this is where starch and protein is found.
Germ or smallest part - where the new plant grows, and where the fat and B vitamins are found.
State three nutrients found in milk.
Calcium, protein and sodium.
