Topic 3 Flashcards
Somatotopy
Correspondence of an area of the body to a specific point on the CNS
In spinal cord and motor cortex
Convergence
Output from large cortical territories onto individual muscles
Large to small
Divergence
Output from the single M1 neurons to multiple muscles
Small to large
Corticospinal Tract
Lateral and Ventral
1) Originate
2)Terminate
3)Decussation Level
4)Function//Role
Lateral
1) Originate - Primary Motor Cortex
2)Terminate - Spinal Motor Nuclei on contralateral side
3)Decussation Level - Medulla
4)Function//Role - Limb Movement
Ventral
1) Originate - Same as above
2)Terminate - Spinal Motor Nuclei on ipsilateral side
3)Decussation Level - Terminal Level
4)Function//Role - Trunk/Axial Movement
Vestibulospinal Tract
Lateral and Medial
1) Originate
2)Terminate
3)Decussation Level
4)Function//Role
Medial
1) Originate - Vestibular Nuclei
2)Terminate - Bilateral input to LMN for neck msucles
3)Decussation Level - Where is synapses
4)Function//Role - Stabalizes head, Cordinate Head, eye movements
Lateral
1) Originate - Vestibular Nuclei
2)Terminate - Flexor and Extensor Muscles
3)Decussation Level - No cross over so no level
4)Function//Role - Mediate postural adjustments; coordinate orientation of head and body in space
Lower Motor Neurons are
The final common pathway for motor action
What structures are involved in voluntary movement; Execute the movement
Primary motor control, brainstem, spinal cord
What is the role of execute the movement
Execute contractions of muscles
What structures are involved in voluntary movement; Evaluate the results
Primary visual cortex, parietal cortex, cerebellum, and more
What structures are involved in voluntary movement; What is the role of Evaluate the results?
How did it go
Was the goal reached
update for next attempt and inl ong term memory for later use
What is the function role in the movement for the premotor cortex?
Planning movements: selection of most appropirate based on the context (sensory ques)
What is the function role in the movement for the supplementary motor area?
Planning movements, anticipation, postural and stabalization
What is the function role in the movement for the Primary motor cortex?
Stimulation = localized muscle contractions on the contralateral side of body
Direct projection from cortect to spinal cord via corticospinal tract
controls executive of movement
What is the function role in the movement for the Primary somatosensory cortex?
Tactical representation
stimulation: contralateral tingling or numbness but NOT pain
- Lesions cause contraleteral loss of tactile discrimmation and position sense but no relief of pain
What is the function role in the movement for the Posterior parietal cortex
Recieves somatosensory, propriceptive and visual imput to determine positions of the body and target in space
What is the function role in the movement for the Basal Glanglia
KNOW NOT A CORTICAL STRCUTRES
Not part of the CORTICAL STRUCTURE KNOWWWW
Facilitates movements by channeling info from various region regions of the cortext to the SMA
What is the function role in the movement for the CEREBELLUM
NOT CORTICAL STRUCTURE
Stored learned sequences of movements
participated in fine tuning and cordination of movements produced elsewhere the brain
What structures are involved in Voluntary Movement: select appropriate response
Prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, and basal ganglia
What is the role of Voluntary Movement: select appropriate response
- Defines motor strategies
- Objectives of the movements –> behaviors to achieve the objectives.
- This is what we want to do
What is the role of Voluntary Movement: Plan movement in physical terms
Premotor, supplementary motor, and cerebellum
KAHOOT AND ON
What occurs immediatylt prior to an AP in a mechanoreceoptor?
Receptor potential
What kind of adaptation would be neccesary in a receptor to sense vibration?
Fast adaptation
What area of your body is capable of the most precise tactile feedback?
Finger tips
Which of the following does not provide sensory information related to muscle contraction?
gamma motor nuerons
The reflex pcitured here is the monosynpatic reflex (Flexor withdrawel reflex)
false
Vibrating the biceps tendon on a straight arm will elicit what kinesthesic illusion?
Hyperextended posture
What muscle would you have to vibrate for a flex posture of the arm?
biceps (in the back)
KAHOOT FOR SECOND TOPIC START
The area where intentions produce output to the spinal cord that yields the motor outcomes is
Red on brain
Primary motor cortex
contains upper motor nuerons
The area that oraganized sequeneces of movements is
blue are of brain
Pre motor cortex
The area that recieves touch input from the entire body
yellow area of brain
Definign a precise sewuence of muscle actions ocures in the ….
set steps of muscle actions
Input from one upper motor neuron onto many alpha motor neuron is an example of
divergence
Convergence
many upper motor nuerons to one alpha motor nuerons
What is gray matter?
Neural cell bodies
What is white matter
Bundles of myelinated axons
What is a bundle of axons in cns
Tract
What is a bundle of axons in the pns
Nerve
What is a collection of nerve cell bodies called in cns
nucleus
What is a collection of nerve cell bodies called in pns
ganglion
Motor neuron cell bodies are located in the …….
Ventral horn
Know some of the lobes on reference sheet
