Topic 2 - Organisation Flashcards
what are Enzymes
Enzymes are catalysts. They make the activation energy of a reaction go down.
How to calculate the rate of reaction
Rate = 1000/Time
What breaks down starch, where is it found and what does it turn into
Starch turns into Maltose by amylase and is found in the salivary glands, Pancreas, and the small intestines
What breaks down Proteins, where is it found and what does it turn into
Proteins turn into amino acids by Protease and are found in the stomach, pancreas, and the small intestine
What breaks down Lipids, where is it found and what does it turn into
Lipids turn into glycerol and fatty acids by lipase and are found in then pancreas and small intestine
Where is bile made and stored
Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall blader
Purpose of bile
To neutralize Hydrochloric acid in the stomach
what do the lungs do, how are they split and surrounded
Take oxygen in and release CO2 through respiration
surrounded by a pleural membrane
starts at trachea, split in two tubes called bronchi, and finally, split into bronchioles that go to the alveoli.
what does the Aveoli do
These carry out gas exchange
surrounded by capillaries
oxygen diffuses into red blood cells which goes through the body and release into the body cells
what is The heart and which way does the blood go for what
Double circulatory system. the right ventricle pumps blood deoxygenated blood to the lungs and back to the heart. The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the body.
what is the purpose of arteries (function of vessel, pressure, walls, lumen, muscle)
Carry blood at high pressures away from the body.
thick walls,
small lumen
thick layer of muscle to make strong
what is the purpose of Capillaries (exchanges what, walls, lumen, goes into what, diffusion, takes away what)
Exchange of materials thick walls small lumen arteries go into capillaries permeable to diffuse in and out supplies oxygen and food to body, take away CO2
what is the purpose of veins (lumen for what, carries where, muscle, goes into what, pressure)
Large Lumen for blood flow carries blood to heart Smoth muscle has valves capillaries join into veins low pressure
properties and function of Red blood cells
Carry oxygen from lungs to cells
large surface area
no nucleus
they contain hemoglobin
what does hemoglobin do
binds with oxygen to become oxyhemoglobin
